Sketcher ConstrainAngle/es: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 13:39, 19 February 2019

Other languages:

Radius

Snell's Law

Sketcher

Ubicación en el Menú
Constraint InternalAngle
Croquizador → Restricciones del Croquizador → Restricción angular
Entornos de trabajo
Croquizador, Diseño de Piezas
Atajo de teclado por defecto
A
Introducido en versión
-
Ver también
Restricción distancia, Restricción perpendicular

Description

Angle constraint is a datum constraint intended to fix angles in sketch. It is capable of setting slopes of individual lines, angles between lines, angles of intersections of curves, and angle spans of circular arcs.

How to use

There are four different ways the constraint can be applied:

to individual lines
between lines
to intersections of curves
to arcs of circles

To apply angle constraint, one should the follow the steps:

Select one, two or three entities in the sketch. The mode will be chosen depending on the selection.
Invoke the constraint by clicking its icon on the toolbar, or selecting the menu item, or using keyboard shortcut. A datum edit dialog box pops up.
Modify the angle if necessary. The angle can be entered as an expression that will be evaluated and the result will be stored. Click OK.

As with any datum constraint, it is possible to change the angle value later by double-clicking the constraint in constraint list or 3d view. Entering a negative value will cause the angle direction to flip.

Constraint modes

line slope angle

Accepted selection: line

The constraint sets the polar angle of line's direction. It is the angle between the line and X axis of the sketch.

arc span (v0.15)

Accepted selection: arc of circle

In this mode, the constraint fixes angular span of a circular arc.

between lines

Accepted selection: line + line

In this mode, the constraint sets the angle between two lines. It is not required that the lines intersect.

between curves at intersection (angle-via-point) (v0.15)

Accepted selection: any line/curve + any line/curve + any point

In this mode, angle between two curves is constrained at the point of their intersection. The intersection point can be on curves' extensions. The point should be specified explicitly, since curves typically intersect in more than one point.

For the constraint to work correctly, the point must be on both curves. So, as the constraint is invoked, the point will be automatically constrained onto both curves (helper constraints will be added, if necessary), and the angle between curves will be constrained at the point. These helper constraints are plain regular constraints. They can be added manually, or deleted. There are no helper constraints on the example picture above, because the point selected is already the intersection of curves.

Scripting

Angle Constraint can be created from macros and from the python console by using the following:

# line slope angle
Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('Angle',iline,angle))

# angular span of arc
Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('Angle',iarc,angle))

# angle between lines
Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('Angle',iline1,pointpos1,iline2,pointpos2,angle))

# angle-via-point (no helper constraints are added automatically when from python)
Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('AngleViaPoint',icurve1,icurve2,geoidpoint,pointpos,angle))

where:

Sketch is a sketch object
iline, iline1, iline2 are integers specifying the lines by their ordinal numbers in Sketch.
pointpos1, pointpos2 should be 1 for start point and 2 for end point. The choice of endpoints allows to set internal angle (or external), and it affects how the constraint is drawn on the screen.
geoidpoint and pointpos in AngleViaPoint are the indexes specifying the point of intersection.
angle is the angle value in radians. The angle is counted between tangent vectors in counterclockwise direction. Tangent vectors are pointing from start to end for the lines (or vice versa if ending point is supplied in angle between lines mode), and along counterclockwise direction for circles, arcs and ellipses. Quantity is also accepted as an angle (e.g. App.Units.Quantity('45 deg'))

Radius

Snell's Law

Sketcher

General: Create sketch, Edit sketch, Map sketch to face, Reorient sketch, Validate sketch, Merge sketches, Mirror sketch, Leave sketch, View sketch, View section, Toggle grid, Toggle snap, Configure rendering order, Stop operation

Sketcher geometries: Point, Line, Arc, Arc by 3 points, Circle, Circle by 3 points, Ellipse, Ellipse by 3 points, Arc of ellipse, Arc of hyperbola, Arc of parabola, B-spline by control points, Periodic B-spline by control points, B-spline by knots, Periodic B-spline by knots, Polyline, Rectangle, Centered rectangle, Rounded rectangle, Triangle, Square, Pentagon, Hexagon, Heptagon, Octagon, Regular polygon, Slot, Fillet, Corner-preserving fillet, Trim, Extend, Split, External geometry, Carbon copy, Toggle construction geometry

Sketcher constraints:
- Geometric constraints: Coincident, Point on object, Vertical, Horizontal, Parallel, Perpendicular, Tangent, Equal, Symmetric, Block
- Dimensional constraints: Lock, Horizontal distance, Vertical distance, Distance, Radius or weight, Diameter, Auto radius/diameter, Angle, Refraction (Snell's law)
- Constraint tools: Toggle driving/reference constraint, Activate/deactivate constraint

Sketcher tools: Select unconstrained DoF, Select associated constraints, Select associated geometry, Select redundant constraints, Select conflicting constraints, Show/hide internal geometry, Select origin, Select horizontal axis, Select vertical axis, Symmetry, Clone, Copy, Move, Rectangular array, Remove axes alignment, Delete all geometry, Delete all constraints

Sketcher B-spline tools: Show/hide B-spline degree, Show/hide B-spline control polygon, Show/hide B-spline curvature comb, Show/hide B-spline knot multiplicity, Show/hide B-spline control point weight, Convert geometry to B-spline, Increase B-spline degree, Decrease B-spline degree, Increase knot multiplicity, Decrease knot multiplicity, Insert knot, Join curves

Sketcher virtual space: Switch virtual space

Additional: Sketcher Dialog, Preferences, Sketcher scripting

User documentation

Getting started
Installation: Download, Windows, Linux, Mac, Additional components, Docker, AppImage, Ubuntu Snap
Basics: About FreeCAD, Interface, Mouse navigation, Selection methods, Object name, Preferences, Workbenches, Document structure, Properties, Help FreeCAD, Donate

Help: Tutorials, Video tutorials
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Addons: Addon Manager, External workbenches, Scripting and macros

Hubs: User hub, Power users hub, Developer hub

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+<languages/>
+{{Docnav|[[Sketcher_ConstrainRadius|Radius]]|[[Sketcher ConstrainSnellsLaw|Snell's Law]]|[[Sketcher_Workbench|Sketcher]]|IconL=Constraint_Radius.png|IconC=Workbench_Sketcher.svg|IconR=Constraint_SnellsLaw.png}}
+<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
 {{GuiCommand/es|Name=Constraint InternalAngle|Workbenches=[[Sketcher Workbench/es|Croquizador]], [[PartDesign Workbench/es|Diseño de Piezas]]|Shortcut=A|MenuLocation=Croquizador → Restricciones del Croquizador → Restricción angular|SeeAlso=[[Constraint Length/es|Restricción distancia]], [[Constraint Perpendicular/es|Restricción perpendicular]]}}
+</div>
+==Description==
+Angle constraint is a [[Sketcher_Workbench#Sketcher Constraints|datum constraint]] intended to fix angles in sketch. It is capable of setting slopes of individual lines, angles between lines, angles of intersections of curves, and angle spans of circular arcs.
+==How to use==
+There are four different ways the constraint can be applied:
+# to individual lines
+# between lines
+# to intersections of curves
+# to arcs of circles
+To apply angle constraint, one should the follow the steps:
+* Select one, two or three entities in the sketch. The mode will be chosen depending on the selection.
+* Invoke the constraint by clicking its icon on the toolbar, or selecting the menu item, or using keyboard shortcut. A datum edit dialog box pops up.
+* Modify the angle if necessary. The angle can be entered as an expression that will be evaluated and the result will be stored. Click OK.
+As with any datum constraint, it is possible to change the angle value later by double-clicking the constraint in constraint list or 3d view. Entering a negative value will cause the angle direction to flip.
+==Constraint modes==
+===line slope angle===
+'''Accepted selection:''' line
+[[Image:Sketcher ConsraintAngle mode1.png|600px]]
-====Descripción====
+The constraint sets the polar angle of line's direction. It is the angle between the line and X axis of the sketch.
-Esta herramienta restringe el ángulo entre dos líneas seleccionadas en un croquis a un valor especificado. Por defecto, el ángulo interno, el menor de los ángulos formados en la intersección de dos líneas (o sus extensiones) es restringido.
-Si se selecciona una única línea, el ángulo es restringido respecto al eje horizontal del planos de croquis seleccionado
-====Funcionamiento====
+===arc span (v0.15)===
+'''Accepted selection:''' arc of circle
+[[Image:Sketcher ConsraintAngle mode2.png|600px]]
-Selecciona dos líneas cualquiera en el croquis. Su color cambiará a verde oscuro cuando esteń seleccionadas. La dirección de la línea desde el primer punto creado al punto final es significativa en los cálculos del ángulo entre las líneas.
+In this mode, the constraint fixes angular span of a circular arc.
-[[File:ConstrainAngle1.png|256px|<span title="Selected lines"></span>]]
+===between lines===
-Luego pulsa el icono de la restricción angular([[Image:Constraint_InternalAngle.png|16px]]) en la barra de herramientas del Croquizador o Diseño de Piezas o selecciona el elemento de menú de la restricción angular dentro del submenú de restricciones del Croquizador que se encuentra en el menú del Croquizador (entorno del Croquizador) o en el menú Diseño de Pieza (entorno de Diseño de Pieza) para añadir la restricción.
+'''Accepted selection:''' line  +  line
+[[Image:Sketcher ConsraintAngle mode3.png|600px]]
-La restricción se establece inicialmente con el valor del ángulo interno actual entre las líneas y la restricción se añade a la pestaña de Tareas del Panel.
+In this mode, the constraint sets the angle between two lines. It is not required that the lines intersect.
-[[File:ConstrainAngle2.png|256px|<span title="Constraint applied"></span>]]
+===between curves at intersection (angle-via-point) (v0.15)===
-Haciendo doble clic en la restricción en la pestaña de Tareas se mostrará un letrero de diálogo en el cual se puede editar para establecer el valor deseado. También se puede hacer doble clic en el texto del valor en la vista 3D diálogo anterior.
+'''Accepted selection:''' any line/curve  +  any line/curve  +  any point
+[[Image:Sketcher ConsraintAngle mode4.png|600px]]
-[[File:ConstrainAngle3.png|256px|<span title="Editing value"></span>]]
+In this mode, angle between two curves is constrained at the point of their intersection. The intersection point can be on curves' extensions. The point should be specified explicitly, since curves typically intersect in more than one point.
-[[File:ConstrainAngle4.png|256px|<span title="Constraint applied"></span>]]
+For the constraint to work correctly, the point must be on both curves. So, as the constraint is invoked, the point will be automatically constrained onto both curves ([[Sketcher helper constraint|helper constraints]] will be added, if necessary), and the angle between curves will be constrained at the point. These [[Sketcher helper constraint|helper constraints]] are plain regular constraints. They can be added manually, or deleted. There are no helper constraints on the example picture above, because the point selected is already the intersection of curves.
-El valor se puede establecer a valores superiores a 180º (e incluso 360º), en cuyo caso se convierte en una restricción del ángulo exterior.
+==Scripting==
-El modo absoluto se invoca seleccionando sólo una línea antes de aplicar la restricción.
+Angle Constraint can be created from [[macros]] and from the python console by using the following:
-[[File:ConstrainAngle5.png|256px|<span title="Constraint applied"></span>]]
+{{Code|code=
+# line slope angle
+Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('Angle',iline,angle))
+# angular span of arc
-Al aplicar la restricción, el ángulo se restringe con respecto al eje horizontal del plano de croquis seleccionado.
+Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('Angle',iarc,angle))
+# angle between lines
-[[File:ConstrainAngle6.png|256px|<span title="Constraint applied"></span>]]
+Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('Angle',iline1,pointpos1,iline2,pointpos2,angle))
+# angle-via-point (no helper constraints are added automatically when from python)
-Seleccionando la segunda línea que se ha dibujado desde la esquina superior derecha a la inferior izquierda.
+Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('AngleViaPoint',icurve1,icurve2,geoidpoint,pointpos,angle))
+}}
+where:
+:* <tt>Sketch</tt> is a sketch object
+:* <tt>iline, iline1, iline2</tt> are integers specifying the lines by their ordinal numbers in <tt>Sketch</tt>.
+:* <tt>pointpos1, pointpos2</tt> should be 1 for start point and 2 for end point. The choice of endpoints allows to set internal angle (or external), and it affects how the constraint is drawn on the screen.
+:* <tt>geoidpoint</tt> and <tt>pointpos</tt> in AngleViaPoint are the indexes specifying the point of intersection.
+:* <tt>angle</tt> is the angle value in radians. The angle is counted between tangent vectors in counterclockwise direction. Tangent vectors are pointing from start to end for the lines (or vice versa if ending point is supplied in angle between lines mode), and along counterclockwise direction for circles, arcs and ellipses. Quantity is also accepted as an angle (e.g. <tt>App.Units.Quantity('45 deg')</tt>)
-[[File:ConstrainAngle7.png|256px|<span title="Constraint applied"></span>]]
- Y aplicando la restricción como se hizo antes,
+{{Docnav|[[Sketcher_ConstrainRadius|Radius]]|[[Sketcher ConstrainSnellsLaw|Snell's Law]]|[[Sketcher_Workbench|Sketcher]]|IconL=Constraint_Radius.png|IconC=Workbench_Sketcher.svg|IconR=Constraint_SnellsLaw.png}}
-[[File:ConstrainAngle8.png|256px|<span title="Constraint applied"></span>]]
+{{Sketcher Tools navi}}
-la línea se restringe ahora a tener un valor relativo a la dirección del eje horizontal en el sentido de las agujas del reloj (los valores angulares están restringidos a 180 grados en sentido horario o antihorario).
+{{Userdocnavi}}
-Como antes haciendo doble clic en la restricción tanto en la pestaña de Tareas o en la vista 3D permitirá editar el valor del ángulo restringido.
+{{clear}}
-{{languages/es |  {{en|Constraint_InternalAngle}} }}