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'''Warsztat Mesh''' obejmuje [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangle_mesh siatki trójkątów]. Siatki są specjalnym typem obiektów 3D, złożonym z trójkątów połączonych przez ich krawędzie i narożniki (zwane także wierzchołkami).
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[[Image:Mesh_example.jpg|Przykład obiektu siatki]]
[[Image:Workbench_Mesh.svg|64px]]


==Wprowadzenie==
Przykład obiektu siatki
Środowisko pracy [[Mesh Workbench|Mesh Workbench]] obsługuje [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangle_mesh trójkątne oczka]. Siatki są specjalnym rodzajem obiektu 3D, złożonym z trójkątnych ścian połączonych ich wierzchołkami i krawędziami.


Wiele aplikacji 3D używa siatek jako podstawowych obiektów 3D, jak [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sketchup sketchup], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blender_(software) blender], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_(software) maya] czy [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3d_max 3d studio max]. Ponieważ siatki bardzo prostymi obiektami, zawierającymi tylko wierzchołki (punkty), krawędzie i (trójkątne) ściany, one bardzo łatwe do tworzenia, modyfikowania, dzielenia, rozciągania i mogą być łatwo przenoszone, bez żadnych strat, z jednej aplikacji do drugiej.
Many 3D applications, like [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sketchup Sketchup], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blender_(software) Blender], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_(software) Maya] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3d_max 3D Studio Max], use meshes as their primary type of 3D object. Since meshes are very simple objects, containing only vertices (points), edges and triangular faces, they are very easy to create, modify, subdivide, stretch, and can easily be passed from one application to another without any loss of details. In addition, since meshes contain very simple data, 3D applications can usually manage very large quantities of them without using a lot of resources. For these reasons, meshes are often the 3D object type of choice for applications dealing with movies, animation, and image creation.
Ponadto, dzięki temu że siatki zawierają bardzo proste dane, aplikacje 3D mogą operować na bardzo dużej ich ilości beż żadnych problemów. Z tych powodów, siatki są często obiektami 3D w aplikacjach 3D do tworzenia filmów, animacji i obrazów.


However, in the field of engineering meshes present one big limitation: they are only made of surfaces, and have no mass information, so they don't behave as solids. This means that all solid-based operations, such as addition or subtraction, are difficult to perform on meshes. The Mesh Workbench is useful to import 3D data in mesh format, to analyse it, detect errors, and finally convert it to a solid, for use with the [[Part Workbench|Part Workbench]].
Jednak w sektorze inżynierii siatki mają dużo ograniczeń: Są one bardzo "tępymi" obiektami, złożonymi tylko z punktów, linii i ścian. Są one tylko powierzchniami, nie mają informacji o masie, więc nie zachowują się jako lite bryły. W siatce nie ma automatycznego sposobu by stwierdzić czy dany punkt jest w środku czy na zewnątrz obiektu. To oznacza, że wszystkie operacje dla brył litych, jak dodawanie lub wycinanie, są trochę trudniejsze do uzyskania na siatkach i częściej zwracają błędy.


{{TOCright}}
We FreeCADzie, jako aplikacji inżynierskiej oczywiście preferujemy bardziej inteligentne typy obiektów 3D, mogące przenosić więcej informacji, jak masa, zachowanie bryły litej, lub inne dostosowane parametry. Moduł siatki (mesh) został początkowo zbudowany by dostarczyć miejsce testowe, ale zdolność do odczytu, manipulacji i konwersji siatek także bardzo ważna dla FreeCADa. Bardzo często, w swojej pracy, otrzymujesz dane 3D w formie siatek. Możesz manipulować tymi danymi, analizować ją by wykryć błędów lub innych problemów, które przeszkadzają przed konwersją siatek do bardziej inteligentnych obiektów i ostatecznie konwertować je do bardziej inteligentnych obiektów utrzymywanych w [[Part Module/pl|Moduł Part]].
[[Image:Mesh_example.jpg|600px]]


== Tools ==
=== Używanie modułu siatki (mesh)===


The Mesh Workbench has a simple interface; all its functions are grouped in the {{MenuCommand|Mesh}} menu.
Moduł siatki ma bardzo prosty interfejs, wszystkie funkcje zgrupowane są w menu '''Mesh'''. Obecnie najbardziej ważne operacje z siatkami to:
* Import siatek z kilku formatów plików
* Eksport siatek do kilku formatów plików
* Konwersja obiektów [[Part Module/pl|Części (Part)]] w siatki
* Analiza krzywizny, ścian i sprawdzenie czy siatki mogą być bezpiecznie skonwertowane do obiektów litych
* Odwracanie [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_normal normalnych] siatek
* Zamykanie dziur w siatkach
* Usuwanie boków w siatkach
* Łączenie, wydzielanie i przecinanie siatek
* Tworzenie prymitywów siatek, jak sześciany, kule, stożki czy walce
* Przecinanie siatek wzdłuż linii


=== General tools ===
To jest tylko kilka podstawowych operacji obecnych w module Siatki (Mesh). Operacje na siatkach mogą być wykonywane także przez [[Mesh Scripting/pl| skrypty]].


The '''Mesh Workbench''' handles [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangle_mesh triangle meshes]. Meshes are a special type of 3D object, composed of triangles connected by their edges and their corners (also called vertices).

[[Image:Mesh_example.jpg|An example of a mesh object]]

An example of a mesh object

Many 3D applications use meshes as their primary type of 3D object, like [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sketchup sketchup], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blender_(software) blender], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_(software) maya] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3d_max 3d studio max]. Since meshes are very simple objects, containing only vertices (points), edges and (triangular) faces, they are very easy to create, modify, subdivide, stretch, and can easily be passed from one application to another without any loss. Besides, since they contain very simple data, 3D applications can usually manage very large quantities of them without any problem. For those reasons, meshes are often the 3D object type of choice for applications dealing with movies, animation, and image creation.

In the field of engineering, however, meshes present one big limitation: They are very dumb objects, only composed of points, lines and faces. They are only made of surfaces, and have no mass information, so they don't behave as solids. In a mesh there is no automatic way to know if a point is inside or outside the object. This means that all solid-based operations, such as addition or subtraction, are always a bit difficult to perform on meshes, and return errors often.

In FreeCAD, since it is an engineering application, we would obviously prefer to work with more intelligent types of 3D objects, that can carry more information, such as mass, solid behaviour, or even custom parameters. The mesh module was first created to serve as a testbed, but to be able to read, manipulate and convert meshes is also highly important for FreeCAD. Very often, in your workflow, you will receive 3D data in mesh format. You will need to handle that data, analyse it to detect errors or other problems that prevent converting them to more intelligent objects, and finally, convert them to more intelligent objects, handled by the [[Part Module]].

== Using the mesh module ==

The mesh module has currently a very simple interface, all its functions are grouped in the '''Mesh''' menu entry. The most important operations you can currently do with meshes are:
* [[Image:Mesh_ImportMesh.png|32px]] [[Mesh Import|Import Mesh]]: Import meshes in several file formats
* [[Image:Mesh_ImportMesh.png|32px]] [[Mesh Import|Import Mesh]]: Import meshes in several file formats
* [[Image:Mesh_ExportMesh.png|32px]] [[Mesh Export|Export Mesh]]: Export meshes in several file formats
* [[Image:Mesh_ExportMesh.png|32px]] [[Mesh Export|Export Mesh]]: Export meshes in several file formats
* [[Image:Mesh MeshFromShape.png|32px]] [[Mesh MeshFromShape|Create Mesh from shape]]: Convert [[Part Module|Part]] objects into meshes
* [[Image:Mesh MeshFromShape.png|32px]] [[Mesh FromPartShape|Create Mesh from shape]]: Convert [[Part Module|Part]] objects into meshes
* [[Image:Mesh_CurvaturePlot.png|32px]] [[Mesh CurvaturePlot|Curvature Plot]]: Creates a curvature plot
* [[Image:Mesh HarmonizeNormals.png|32px]] [[Mesh HarmonizeNormals|Harmonize Normals]]: Harmonize normals
* [[Image:Mesh HarmonizeNormals.png|32px]] [[Mesh HarmonizeNormals|Harmonize Normals]]: Harmonize normals
* [[Image:Mesh_FlipNormals.png|32px]] [[Mesh FlipNormals|Flip Normals]]: Flip [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_normal normals]
* [[Image:Mesh_FlipNormals.png|32px]] [[Mesh FlipNormals|Flip Normals]]: Flip [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_normal normals]
* [[Mesh FillHoles|Fill Holes...]]: Fill up holes
* [[Mesh FillHoles|Fill Holes...]]: Fill up holes
* [[Image:Mesh_FillInteractiveHole.png|32px]] [[Mesh FillInteractiveHole|Close hole]]: Close holes in meshes
* [[Image:Mesh_FillInteractiveHole.png|32px]] [[Mesh FillInteractiveHole|Close hole]]: Close holes in meshes
* [[Mesh AddTriangle|Add triangle]]: Add triangle
* [[Image:Mesh_RemoveComponents.png|32px]] [[Mesh RemoveComponents|Remove components...]]: Remove components of meshes
* [[Image:Mesh_RemoveComponents.png|32px]] [[Mesh RemoveComponents|Remove components...]]: Remove components of meshes
* [[Mesh RemoveCompByHand|Remove components by hand...]]: Remove components of meshes by hand
* [[Mesh RemoveCompByHand|Remove components by hand...]]: Remove components of meshes by hand
* [[Mesh AddTriangle|Add triangle]]: Add triangle
* [[Mesh CreateMeshSegment|Create mesh segments...]]: Creates mesh segments
* [[Mesh Smooth|Smooth...]]: Smooth mesh
* [[Mesh Smooth|Smooth...]]: Smooth mesh
* [[Mesh Scale|Scale]]


=== Analyze ===
Analysis of curvature, faces, and check if a mesh can be safely converted into a solid
* [[Mesh EvaluateRepair|Evaluate & Repair mesh...]]: Evaluates and repairs meshes
* [[Image:Mesh EvaluateFacet.png|32px]] [[Mesh EvaluateFacet|Face Info]]: Gives info on faces
* [[Mesh EvaluateCurvature|Curvature Info]]: Gives info on curvature
* [[Mesh EvaluateSolid|Check solid mesh]]: Checks the solid if it can be converted to a mesh
* [[Mesh BoundingBox|Boundings info...]]: Evaluates the bounding box of a mesh


=== Regular solid ===
* '''Analyze''' curvature, faces, and check if a mesh can be safely converted into a solid
[[Image:Mesh_Regular_Solid.png|32px]] [[Mesh BuildRegularSolid|Regular solid...]] Create mesh primitives, like cubes, cylinders, cones, or spheres:
** [[Mesh EvaluateRepair|Evaluate & Repair mesh...]]: Evaluates and repairs meshes
** [[Image:Mesh EvaluateFacet.png|32px]] [[Mesh EvaluateFacet|Face Info]]: Gives info on faces
* [[Image:Mesh_Cube.png|32px]] [[Mesh_Cube|Mesh Cube]] Create a mesh cube
* [[Image:Mesh_Cylinder.png|32px]] [[Mesh_Cylinder|Mesh Cylinder]] Create a mesh cylinder
** [[Mesh EvaluateCurvature|Curvature Info]]: Gives info on curvature
* [[Image:Mesh_Cone.png|32px]] [[Mesh_Cone|Mesh Cone]] Create a mesh cone
** [[Mesh EvaluateSolid|Check solid mesh]]: Checks the solid if it can be converted to a mesh
* [[Image:Mesh_Sphere.png|32px]] [[Mesh_Sphere|Mesh Sphere]] Create a mesh sphere
** [[Mesh BoundingBox|Boundings info...]]: Evaluates the bounding box of a mesh
* [[Image:Mesh_Ellipsoid.png|32px]] [[Mesh_Ellipsoid|Mesh Ellipsoid]] Create a mesh ellipsoid
* [[Image:Mesh_Torus.png|32px]] [[Mesh_Torus|Mesh Torus]] Create a mesh torus


=== Boolean ===
* [[Mesh Union|Union]]: Does a union (fusion) on meshes
* [[Mesh Intersection|Intersection]]: Does an intersection (common) on meshes
* [[Mesh Difference|Difference]]: Does a difference (cut) on meshes


=== Cutting ===
* [[Image:Mesh_Regular_Solid.png|32px]] [[Mesh BuildRegularSolid|Regular solid...]] Create mesh primitives, like cubes, cylinders, cones, or spheres:
** [[Image:Mesh_Cube.png|32px]] Create a mesh cube
* [[Image:Mesh_PolyCut.png|32px]] [[Mesh_PolyCut|Mesh PolyCut]]: Cut meshes along a line
* [[Mesh TrimMesh|Trim mesh]]: Trims meshes
** [[Image:Mesh_Cylinder.png|32px]] Create a mesh cylinder
* [[Mesh TrimMeshWithPlane|Trim mesh with a plane]]: Trims meshes with a plane
** [[Image:Mesh_Cone.png|32px]] Create a mesh cone
** [[Image:Mesh_Sphere.png|32px]] Create a mesh sphere
* Create section from mesh and plane
** [[Image:Mesh_Ellipsoid.png|32px]] Create a mesh ellipsoid
** [[Image:Mesh_Torus.png|32px]] Create a mesh torus


* Do '''Boolean''' operations with meshes
** [[Mesh Union|Union]]: Does a union (fusion) on meshes
** [[Mesh Intersection|Intersection]]: Does an intersection (common) on meshes
** [[Mesh Difference|Difference]]: Does a difference (cut) on meshes



=== Other ===
* [[Mesh Merge|Merge]]: Merges meshes
* [[Mesh Merge|Merge]]: Merges meshes
* [[Mesh SelectMesh|Select Mesh]]: Selects meshes
* [[Mesh SelectMesh|Select Mesh]]: Selects meshes
* [[Image:Mesh Cut.png|32px]] [[Mesh Cut|Cut mesh]]: Cut meshes along a line
* [[Mesh SplitMesh|Split Mesh]]: Splits meshes
* [[Mesh SplitMesh|Split Mesh]]: Splits meshes
* [[Image:Mesh MakeSegment.png|32px]] [[Mesh MakeSegment|Make segment]]: Makes a segment
* [[Image:Mesh MakeSegment.png|32px]] [[Mesh MakeSegment|Make segment]]: Makes a segment
* [[Mesh TrimMesh|Trim mesh]]: Trims meshes
* [[Mesh TrimMeshWithPlane|Trim mesh with a plane]]: Trims meshes with a plane
* [[Mesh CreateMeshSegment|Create mesh segments...]]: Creates mesh segments
* [[Image:Mesh_CurvaturePlot.png|32px]] [[Mesh CurvaturePlot|Curvature Plot]]: Creates a curvature plot


== Preferences ==
* [[Image:Preferences-import-export.svg|32px]] [[Import_Export_Preference|Preference]] Import-Export

More mesh tools are available in the [[OpenSCAD Workbench|OpenSCAD Workbench]].


Meshes can also be handled by [[Mesh Scripting|Mesh Scripting]].
These are only some of the basic operations currently present in the Mesh module interface.
<br />
More mesh tools are available in the [[OpenSCAD Workbench]].
<br />
But the FreeCAD meshes can also be handled in many more ways by [[Mesh Scripting| scripting]].


==Links==
==Links==


* [[FreeCAD_and_Mesh_Import|FreeCAD and Mesh Import]]
* [[FreeCAD and Mesh Import|FreeCAD and Mesh Import]]


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[[Category:User Documentation/pl]]
[[Category:Mesh]]
[[Category:Workbenches]]
<languages/>

Revision as of 20:35, 22 November 2019

Wprowadzenie

Środowisko pracy Mesh Workbench obsługuje trójkątne oczka. Siatki są specjalnym rodzajem obiektu 3D, złożonym z trójkątnych ścian połączonych ich wierzchołkami i krawędziami.

Many 3D applications, like Sketchup, Blender, Maya and 3D Studio Max, use meshes as their primary type of 3D object. Since meshes are very simple objects, containing only vertices (points), edges and triangular faces, they are very easy to create, modify, subdivide, stretch, and can easily be passed from one application to another without any loss of details. In addition, since meshes contain very simple data, 3D applications can usually manage very large quantities of them without using a lot of resources. For these reasons, meshes are often the 3D object type of choice for applications dealing with movies, animation, and image creation.

However, in the field of engineering meshes present one big limitation: they are only made of surfaces, and have no mass information, so they don't behave as solids. This means that all solid-based operations, such as addition or subtraction, are difficult to perform on meshes. The Mesh Workbench is useful to import 3D data in mesh format, to analyse it, detect errors, and finally convert it to a solid, for use with the Part Workbench.

Tools

The Mesh Workbench has a simple interface; all its functions are grouped in the Mesh menu.

General tools

Analyze

Analysis of curvature, faces, and check if a mesh can be safely converted into a solid

Regular solid

Regular solid... Create mesh primitives, like cubes, cylinders, cones, or spheres:

Boolean

  • Union: Does a union (fusion) on meshes
  • Intersection: Does an intersection (common) on meshes
  • Difference: Does a difference (cut) on meshes

Cutting

Other

Preferences

More mesh tools are available in the OpenSCAD Workbench.

Meshes can also be handled by Mesh Scripting.

Links