Mesh Workbench: Difference between revisions

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'''网格工作台'''用于处理[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangle_mesh 三角网格]。网格是三维对象的一种特殊形式，由边线或者顶点相连的三角形连接而成。
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[[Image:Mesh_example.jpg|An example of a mesh object]]
[[Image:Workbench_Mesh.svg|64px]]
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== Introduction == <!--T:1-->
网格对象的例子
The [[Mesh Workbench|Mesh Workbench]] handles [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangle_mesh triangle meshes]. Meshes are a special type of 3D object, composed of triangular faces connected by their vertices and edges.


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许多三维应用程序都使用网格作为三维对象的主要形式，例如[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sketchup sketchup]、[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blender_(software) blender]、[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_(software) maya]、以及[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3d_max 3d studio max]。因为网格是非常简单的对象，仅仅包含顶点、边、以及（三角形）面，所以网格对象非常容易创建、修改、细分、延展，以及可以轻松地从一个应用程序转换到另一个应用程序中而不会发生任何信息丢失现象。而且，由于网格对象包含的数据十分简单，故三维应用程序通常可以完好地管理大量的网格对象数据。基于此，网格通常作为用于处理电影，动画，以及图像生成的应用程序的三维对象类型的选择。
Many 3D applications, like [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sketchup Sketchup], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blender_(software) Blender], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_(software) Maya] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3d_max 3D Studio Max], use meshes as their primary type of 3D object. Since meshes are very simple objects, containing only vertices (points), edges and triangular faces, they are very easy to create, modify, subdivide, stretch, and can easily be passed from one application to another without any loss of details. In addition, since meshes contain very simple data, 3D applications can usually manage very large quantities of them without using a lot of resources. For these reasons, meshes are often the 3D object type of choice for applications dealing with movies, animation, and image creation.


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但是，在工程领域，网格存在一个较大的限制：它们是哑对象，仅仅由点、线、面组成。它们仅仅由表面组成，没有质量，所以就没有实体所具有的性质。在网格对象中，无法自动识别点是否位于对象上。这也就意味着，所有基于实体的操作，例如合并或者差减运算等，对于网格来说通常都有点困难，并经常报错。
However, in the field of engineering meshes present one big limitation: they are only made of surfaces, and have no mass information, so they don't behave as solids. This means that all solid-based operations, such as addition or subtraction, are difficult to perform on meshes. The Mesh Workbench is useful to import 3D data in mesh format, to analyse it, detect errors, and finally convert it to a solid, for use with the [[Part Workbench|Part Workbench]].


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由于 FreeCAD 是一个工程软件，我们当然更希望使用更高级更智能的三维对象类型来工作，使它们能够具有更多的信息，例如质量，实体性质，或者自定义参数等。可以先创建对象的网格模型作为试验台，但是对于 FreeCAD 来说，网格的读取、操作、转换也是十分重要的。在工作流程中，你将经常得到网格格式的三维数据，然后需要对数据进行处理、分析以便检测出影响使其转换成更高级对象的错误或其它问题，最后，利用[[Part Module/cn|零件模块]]将其转换成更高级的对象。
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[[Image:Mesh_example.jpg|600px]]
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== Tools == <!--T:7-->
=== 使用网格模块 ===


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网格模块具有十分简易的接口，它的所有功能都集合在'''网格'''菜单条目中。目前能够处理网格的最重要操作是：
The Mesh Workbench has a simple interface; all its functions are grouped in the {{MenuCommand|Mesh}} menu.


=== General tools === <!--T:19-->
* 从多种文件格式中导入网格
* [[Image:Mesh_ImportMesh.png|32px]] [[Mesh Import|Import Mesh]]: Import meshes in several file formats
* 将网格到处成多种文件格式
* [[Image:Mesh_ExportMesh.png|32px]] [[Mesh Export|Export Mesh]]: Export meshes in several file formats
* 将[[Part Module/cn|零件]]对象转换为网格
* [[Image:Mesh MeshFromShape.png|32px]] [[Mesh FromPartShape|Create Mesh from shape]]: Convert [[Part Module|Part]] objects into meshes
* 分析曲率、表面，并检测网格能否成功转换为实体
* [[Image:Mesh_CurvaturePlot.png|32px]] [[Mesh CurvaturePlot|Curvature Plot]]: Creates a curvature plot
* 将网格的[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_normal 法向量]反向
* [[Image:Mesh HarmonizeNormals.png|32px]] [[Mesh HarmonizeNormals|Harmonize Normals]]: Harmonize normals
* 修补网格的缝隙
* [[Image:Mesh_FlipNormals.png|32px]] [[Mesh FlipNormals|Flip Normals]]: Flip [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_normal normals]
* 删除网格表面
* [[Mesh FillHoles|Fill Holes...]]: Fill up holes
* 对网格进行合并、差减、以及求交
* [[Image:Mesh_FillInteractiveHole.png|32px]] [[Mesh FillInteractiveHole|Close hole]]: Close holes in meshes
* 创建基本的网格对象，像立方体、圆球、锥体、或圆柱
* [[Mesh AddTriangle|Add triangle]]: Add triangle
* 沿某条线剪切网格
* [[Image:Mesh_RemoveComponents.png|32px]] [[Mesh RemoveComponents|Remove components...]]: Remove components of meshes
* [[Mesh RemoveCompByHand|Remove components by hand...]]: Remove components of meshes by hand
* [[Mesh CreateMeshSegment|Create mesh segments...]]: Creates mesh segments
* [[Mesh Smooth|Smooth...]]: Smooth mesh
* [[Mesh Scale|Scale]]


=== Analyze === <!--T:12-->
这些仅仅是目前网格模块界面中存在的一些基本操作。不过也可以通过[[Mesh Scripting/cn|脚本编程]]对 FreeCAD 做更多的处理。
Analysis of curvature, faces, and check if a mesh can be safely converted into a solid
* [[Mesh EvaluateRepair|Evaluate & Repair mesh...]]: Evaluates and repairs meshes
* [[Image:Mesh EvaluateFacet.png|32px]] [[Mesh EvaluateFacet|Face Info]]: Gives info on faces
* [[Mesh EvaluateCurvature|Curvature Info]]: Gives info on curvature
* [[Mesh EvaluateSolid|Check solid mesh]]: Checks the solid if it can be converted to a mesh
* [[Mesh BoundingBox|Boundings info...]]: Evaluates the bounding box of a mesh


=== Regular solid === <!--T:13-->
{{docnav/cn|PartDesign Workbench/cn|Part Module/cn}}
[[Image:Mesh_Regular_Solid.png|32px]] [[Mesh BuildRegularSolid|Regular solid...]] Create mesh primitives, like cubes, cylinders, cones, or spheres:
* [[Image:Mesh_Cube.png|32px]] [[Mesh_Cube|Mesh Cube]] Create a mesh cube
* [[Image:Mesh_Cylinder.png|32px]] [[Mesh_Cylinder|Mesh Cylinder]] Create a mesh cylinder
* [[Image:Mesh_Cone.png|32px]] [[Mesh_Cone|Mesh Cone]] Create a mesh cone
* [[Image:Mesh_Sphere.png|32px]] [[Mesh_Sphere|Mesh Sphere]] Create a mesh sphere
* [[Image:Mesh_Ellipsoid.png|32px]] [[Mesh_Ellipsoid|Mesh Ellipsoid]] Create a mesh ellipsoid
* [[Image:Mesh_Torus.png|32px]] [[Mesh_Torus|Mesh Torus]] Create a mesh torus


=== Boolean === <!--T:14-->
{{languages | {{cn|Mesh Module/cn}} {{de|Mesh Module/de}} {{es|Mesh Module/es}} {{fr|Mesh Module/fr}} {{pl|Mesh Module/pl}} {{ru|Mesh Module/ru}} {{se|Mesh Module/se}} }}
* [[Mesh Union|Union]]: Does a union (fusion) on meshes
* [[Mesh Intersection|Intersection]]: Does an intersection (common) on meshes
* [[Mesh Difference|Difference]]: Does a difference (cut) on meshes


=== Cutting === <!--T:20-->
[[Category:User Documentation]]
* [[Image:Mesh_PolyCut.png|32px]] [[Mesh_PolyCut|Mesh PolyCut]]: Cut meshes along a line
* [[Mesh TrimMesh|Trim mesh]]: Trims meshes
* [[Mesh TrimMeshWithPlane|Trim mesh with a plane]]: Trims meshes with a plane
* Create section from mesh and plane

=== Other === <!--T:15-->
* [[Mesh Merge|Merge]]: Merges meshes
* [[Mesh SelectMesh|Select Mesh]]: Selects meshes
* [[Mesh SplitMesh|Split Mesh]]: Splits meshes
* [[Image:Mesh MakeSegment.png|32px]] [[Mesh MakeSegment|Make segment]]: Makes a segment

== Preferences == <!--T:18-->
* [[Image:Preferences-import-export.svg|32px]] [[Import_Export_Preference|Preference]] Import-Export

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More mesh tools are available in the [[OpenSCAD Workbench|OpenSCAD Workbench]].

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Meshes can also be handled by [[Mesh Scripting|Mesh Scripting]].

==Links== <!--T:16-->

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* [[FreeCAD and Mesh Import|FreeCAD and Mesh Import]]

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{{Mesh Tools navi}}

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{{Userdocnavi}}

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[[Category:Mesh]]
[[Category:Workbenches]]

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Revision as of 11:47, 29 October 2019

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Introduction

The Mesh Workbench handles triangle meshes. Meshes are a special type of 3D object, composed of triangular faces connected by their vertices and edges.

Many 3D applications, like Sketchup, Blender, Maya and 3D Studio Max, use meshes as their primary type of 3D object. Since meshes are very simple objects, containing only vertices (points), edges and triangular faces, they are very easy to create, modify, subdivide, stretch, and can easily be passed from one application to another without any loss of details. In addition, since meshes contain very simple data, 3D applications can usually manage very large quantities of them without using a lot of resources. For these reasons, meshes are often the 3D object type of choice for applications dealing with movies, animation, and image creation.

However, in the field of engineering meshes present one big limitation: they are only made of surfaces, and have no mass information, so they don't behave as solids. This means that all solid-based operations, such as addition or subtraction, are difficult to perform on meshes. The Mesh Workbench is useful to import 3D data in mesh format, to analyse it, detect errors, and finally convert it to a solid, for use with the Part Workbench.

Tools

The Mesh Workbench has a simple interface; all its functions are grouped in the Mesh menu.

General tools

Analyze

Analysis of curvature, faces, and check if a mesh can be safely converted into a solid

Regular solid

Regular solid... Create mesh primitives, like cubes, cylinders, cones, or spheres:

Boolean

  • Union: Does a union (fusion) on meshes
  • Intersection: Does an intersection (common) on meshes
  • Difference: Does a difference (cut) on meshes

Cutting

Other

Preferences

More mesh tools are available in the OpenSCAD Workbench.

Meshes can also be handled by Mesh Scripting.

Links

Mesh
User documentation
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