Preferenze di Importa/Esporta

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Le preferenze per gli strumenti di importazione ed esportazione si trovano nel Editor delle preferenze, nel menu Modifica → Preferenze → Import-Export.

Il numero di schede varia in base ai tipi di file disponibili per la conversione.

Forniti da Draft: DXF, DWG, SVG, OCA.
Forniti da Arch: IFC, DAE.

Preferenze DXF

La scheda DXF configura come devono essere importati i file DXF. Vedere anche Importare i file DXF in FreeCAD.

AutoCAD DXF (Drawing eXchange Format - Formato di scambio di disegni) è un formato proprietario per lo scambio di dati CAD tra AutoCAD e altri programmi.

Per il formato DXF è possibile specificare quanto segue:

Nome	Descrizione
Visualizza questa finestra di dialogo durante l'importazione e l'esportazione	Questa finestra di dialogo delle preferenze verrà visualizzata quando si importano o esportano i file DXF
Usa il vecchio importatore python	Se selezionato, utilizza l'importatore Python, altrimenti utilizza il più recente C++. L'importatore C++ è più veloce, ma non ha ancora molte funzioni.
Consenti a FreeCAD di scaricare e aggiornare automaticamente le librerie DXF	Selezionando questo, si consente a FreeCAD di scaricare il convertitore Python per l'importazione e l'esportazione DXF. Questo convertitore non può essere fornito incorporato con FreeCAD perché ha una licenza software diversa.
Importa	Seleziona cosa si vuole importare. Se testi e quote è deselezionato, i testi e mtexts non sono importati. Se layouts viene selezionato, vengono importati anche gli oggetti dello spazio carta. Selezionare blocchi se vuoi che siano importati anche i blocchi non denominati (che iniziano con ).
Crea	Seleziona cosa si vuole creare. Se è selezionato forme semplici di Parte, crea solo oggetti standard di Part. Questa è l'importazione più veloce. Se è selezionato Oggetti Draft, crea oggetti Draft parametrici ogni volta che è possibile. Se è selezionato Sketch, crea degli schizzi ogni volta che è possibile.
Fattore di scala da applicare ai file importati	Fattore di scala da applicare ai file DXF durante l'importazione. Il fattore è la conversione tra l'unità del file DXF e i millimetri. Esempio: per file in millimetri: 1, in centimetri: 10, in metri: 1000, in pollici: 25,4, in piedi: 304,8
Ottieni i colori originali dal file DXF	Se selezionato, i colori sono recuperati dagli oggetti DXF quando possibile. Altrimenti vengono applicati i colori predefiniti.
Unisci la geometria	Se selezionato, FreeCAD tenta di unire gli oggetti coincidenti in contorni continui. Notare che questo può richiedere un paarecchio tempo.
Raggruppa i livelli (layers) in blocchi	Se selezionato, gli oggetti dello stesso livello vengono uniti in Blocchi Draft, rendendo più veloce la visualizzazione, ma rendendoli meno facilmente modificabili ??Le pagine Wiki di Draft non menzionano i blocchi di Draft??
Usa la dimensione di font standard per i testi	Se selezionato, i testi importati ottengono la dimensione standard impostata per i Testi Draft, invece della dimensione che hanno nel documento DXF
Utilizza VisGroups	Se selezionato, i layer DXF vengono importati come VisGroups Draft
Importa i confini dei tratteggi come wire	Se selezionato, i tratteggi vengono convertiti in semplici wire
Renderizza le polilinee con larghezza	Se selezionato, quando le polilinee hanno una larghezza definita, sono visualizzate come contorni chiusi con la larghezza corretta
Tratta le ellissi e le spline come polilinee	L'esportazione di ellissi e spline è scarsamente supportata. ?? È ancora così?? Utilizzare questa opzione per esportarlie come polilinee. L'impostazione Massimo segmento Spline è quindi la lunghezza massima di ciascuno dei segmenti della polilinea. Se è impostato su "0", l'intera spline viene trattata come un segmento retto.
Esporta gli oggetti 3D come maglie poligonali multifaccia	Se selezionato, tutti gli oggetti contenenti delle facce sono esportati come multifacce 3D
Esporta le viste di Disegno come blocchi	Se è selezionato, le Viste di Drawing sono esportate come blocchi. Ciò potrebbe non riuscire per i modelli post DXF R12.
Proietta gli oggetti esportati lungo la direzione della vista corrente	Se selezionato, gli oggetti esportati sono proiettati secondo la direzione corrente della vista

Preferenze DWG

DWG (da disegno) è un formato di file binario proprietario utilizzato per la memorizzazione di dati di progettazione bidimensionale e tridimensionale e di metadati. Poiché è un formato di file di origine chiuso, non può essere supportato direttamente da FreeCAD. Pertanto richiede il convertitore di file esterno ODA.

La conversione in DWG richiede il programma esterno teighafileconverter.

Per il formato DWG è possibile specificare solo il percorso verso ODA. Nota: Tutte le impostazioni per il formato di file DXF si applicano anche ai DWG.

Può essere scaricato da teighafileconverter.

Per il formato DWG è possibile specificare quanto segue:

Nome	Descrizione
Percorso al convertitore di file ODA (precedentemente Teigha)	Imposta il percorso del convertitore di file ODA

Preferenze SVG

La scheda SVG configura come vengono importati i file SVG.

Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is a vector image format for two-dimensional graphics. The vectors make SVG are very useful for technical drawing programs like FreeCAD's TechDraw because a vector image can be scaled to any size without losing its shape or amount of details. SVG can be scaled to any required resolution and converted to bitmap formats like PNG or JPEG for printing.

For the SVG format you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Import style	Selection how SVG object colors and line widths will be imported. If None (fastest) is selected no color and line width settings will be imported. If Use default color and linewidth is selected FreeCAD will use its default color and line width. If Original color and linewidth is selected FreeCAD will use the color and linewidth from the SVG objects.
Disable units scaling	If checked, no units conversion will occur. One unit in the SVG file will translate as one millimeter.
Export style	Selection how Sketches are exported to SVG. If Translated (for print & display) is selected, SVG objects are encapsulated in a group that is scaled and moved to the correct place in the SVG document to fit into a printable area. If Raw (for CAM) is selected, SVG objects are placed as they are - at the same coordinates as in the FreeCAD model (1:1 export).
Translate white line color to black	If checked, all white lines will appear in black in the SVG for better readability against white backgrounds
Max segment length for discretized arcs	Older versions of Open CASCADE than version 6.8 don't support arc projection. In this case arcs will be discretized into small line segments. This value is the maximum segment length.

Preferenze OCA

La scheda OCA configura come vengono importati i file OCA.

The OCA file format is a community project to create a free, simple and open CAD file format. OCA is largely based on the GCAD file format generated by gCAD3D. Both formats can be imported in FreeCAD and the OCA files exported by FreeCAD can be opened in gCAD3D.

For the OCA format you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Import OCA areas	If checked, the areas (3D faces) will be imported too

Preferenze IFC

La scheda IFC configura come vengono importati i file IFC.

Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) is a wide spread format to interchange data between BIM applications, used in architecture and engineering.

For the IFC format you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Show debug messages	Shows verbose debug messages during import and export of IFC files in the Report view panel
Create clones when objects have shared geometry	IFC objects can share a same geometry definition between several objects, only their placement is different. So when this option is enabled, clones are used to achieve the same result in FreeCAD. One object is the base object, the others are clones.
Import arch IFC objects as	What will be created in FreeCAD for arch IFC objects
Import struct IFC objects as	What will be created in FreeCAD for struct IFC objects
Root element	Only subtypes of the specified element will be imported. Keep the predefied element IfcProduct to import all building elements.
Separate openings	If checked, openings will be imported as subtractions, otherwise wall shapes will already have their openings subtracted
Detect extrusions	If checked, the importer will try to detect extrusions. Note that this might slow things down.
Split multilayer walls	Split walls made of multiple layers
Prefix names with ID number	If checked, object names will be prefixed with the IFC ID number
Merge materials with same name	If several materials with the same name are found in the IFC file, they will be treated as one.
Import Ifc Properties in spreadsheet	If checked, each object will have their IFC properties stored in a spreadsheet object.
Exclude list	A comma-separated list of IFC entities to be excluded from imports
Fit view while importing	Fit view during import on the imported objects. This will slow down the import, but one can watch the import.
Force export as Brep	Some IFC viewers don't like objects exported as extrusions. Use this to force all objects to be exported as BREP geometry.
Use DAE triangulation options	Use triangulation options set in the DAE options page
Join coplanar facets when triangulating	Curved shapes that cannot be represented as curves in IFC are decomposed into flat facets. If this is checked, some additional calculation is done to join coplanar facets.
Store IFC universal ID in FreeCAD objects	When exporting objects without universal ID (UID), the generated UID will be stored inside the FreeCAD object for reuse next time that object is exported. This leads to smaller differences between file versions.
Use IfcOpenShell serializer if available	IFCOpenShell is a library that allows to import IFC files. Its serializer functionality allows to give it an OCC shape and it will produce an adequate IFC geometry: NURBS, faceted, or anything else. Note that the serializer this is still an experimental feature.
Export 2D objects as IfcAnnotations	If checked, 2D objects will be exported as IfcAnnotation
Export full FreeCAD parametric model	If checked, all FreeCAD object properties will be stored inside the exported objects, allowing to recreate a full parametric model on reimport.
Reuse similar entities	If checked, similar entities will be used only once in the file if possible. This can reduce the file size a lot, but will make it less easily readable by humans.
Disable IfcRectangleProfileDef	When possible, IFC objects that are extruded rectangles are exported as IfcRectangleProfileDef. However, some other applications have problems importing that entity. If this is your case, you can disable this and then all profiles will be exported as IfcArbitraryClosedProfileDef.

Preferenze DAE

La scheda DAE configura come vengono importati i file DAE.

The Collada DAE (Digital Asset Exchange) format is a standard file format for exchange of Mesh data. The Arch workbench can import meshes from .dae files, and export Arch and other Shape-based objects to the .dae format. The Collada import functionality in the Arch module depends on pycollada. If it is not installed on your system, Collada import/export will be disabled.

For the DAE format you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Scaling factor	All dimensions in the file will be scaled with the specified factor
Mesher	Sets the meshing program that should be used. If using Netgen, make sure that it is available. This can be checked by using the Mesh module and creating a mesh using Netgen. If it is not available another version of FreeCAD, compiled with Netgen, must be installed.
Tessellation	The tessellation value to use with the Builtin and the Mefisto meshing program.
Grading	The grading value to use for meshing using Netgen. This value describes how fast the mesh size decreases. The gradient of the local mesh size h(x) is bounded by \|Δh(x)\| ≤ 1/value.
Segments per edge	The maximum number of segments per edge
Segments per radius	The number of segments per radius
Second order	Allow a second order mesh
Optimize	Allows optimization
Allow quads	Allow quadrilateral faces

Preferenze IGES

The Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES) file format is a file format that allows the digital exchange of information among CAD systems. Since the specification for the STEP file format was published, the development of IGES was stopped in 1996. It is nevertheless still supported by many CAD programs.

The tab IGES is only shown in the preferences if you are in the Part or PartDesign workbench or if you have been in these workbenches before.

For the IGES format you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Units for export of IGES	Selection what unit will be used when exporting IGES files
Write solids and shells as	Selection how solids and shells should be output. If Groups of Trimmed Surfaces (type 144) is selected, they will be exported as trimmed surface. If Solids (type 186) and Shells (type 514) / B-REP mode is selected, solids will be exported as manifold solid B-Rep object, shells as shell.
Skip blank entities	If checked, blank entities will not be imported
Company	If not empty, the entered text will be used in the IGES file header for the company
Author	If not empty, the entered text will be used in the IGES file header for the author
Product	If not empty, the entered text will be used in the IGES file header for the product

Preferenze STEP

The standard for the exchange of product model data (STEP) file format is an ISO standard for the computer-interpretable representation and exchange of product manufacturing information. STEP is therefore commonly used to exchange 3D data between CAD software. STEP files have the suffix .step or sometimes .stp.

The tab STEP is only shown in the preferences if you are in the Part or PartDesign workbench or if you have been in these workbenches before.

For the STEP format you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Units for export of STEP	Selection what unit will be used when exporting STEP files
Write out curves in parametric space of surface	If checked, parametric curves (curves in parametric space of surface) will be written into the STEP file. Unchecking the option can be helpful to minimize the size of the resulting STEP file.
Scheme	Selection what STEP application protocol (AP) will be used for the export. AP 203 is the protocol for configuration controlled 3D designs of mechanical parts and assemblies. AP 204 is the protocol for core data for automotive mechanical design processes.
Enable STEP Compound merge	If checked, a compound merge will be done during file reading. This is slower but results in higher details.
Company	If not empty, the entered text will be used in the STEP file header for the company
Author	If not empty, the entered text will be used in the STEP file header for the author
Product	If not empty, the entered text will be used in the STEP file header for the product

Preferenze di Mesh

Meshes are a special type of 3D object, composed of triangular faces connected by their vertices and edges. They are widely used for additive manufacturing. The FreeCAD provides the Mesh workbench to create and handle meshes.

FreeCAD supports the file formats AMF and its predecessor STL, OBJ, OFF, PLY and SMF.

The tab Mesh formats is only shown in the preferences if you are in the Mesh workbench or if you have been in this workbench before.

For the Mesh formats you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Maximum mesh deviation	Specification of the maximal deviation between the mesh and the object
Export AMF files using compression	If checked, ZIP compression is used when writing a mesh file in AMF format

Preference Abaqus INP

INP is the input file format for the FEM software Abaqus. It is used for the solver CalculiX in the FEM workbench.

The tab Abaqus INP is only shown in the preferences if you are or if you have been in the FEM workbench before.

For the INP format you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Which mesh elements to export	Selection what mesh element parameters should be exported. If All is selected, all elements will be exported. If Highest is selected, only the highest elements will be exported. This means for means volumes for a volume mesh and faces for a shell mesh. If FEM is selected, only FEM elements will be exported. This means only edges not belonging to faces and faces not belonging to volumes.
Export group data	If checked, mesh groups are exported too. Every constraint and, if there are different materials, material consists of two mesh groups, faces and nodes where the constraint or material is applied.

Preference VTK

The Visualization Toolkit (VTK) is an open-source, freely available software system for 3D computer graphics, image processing and visualization. VTK files are used by the FEM workbench for the post processing of simulation results.

The tab VTK is only shown in the preferences if you are or if you have been in the FEM workbench before.

For the VTK format you can specify the following:

Name	Description
Which object to import into	Selection what objects should be imported. If VTK result object is selected, a FreeCAD FEM VTK result object will be imported (equals to the object which was exported). If FEM mesh object is selected, the results in the VTK file will be omitted, only the mesh data will be imported and a FreeCAD FEM mesh object will be created. If FreeCAD result object is selected, the imported data will be converted into a FreeCAD FEM Result object. Note: this setting needs the exact result component names and thus it only works properly with VTK files exported from FreeCAD.