FEM CalculiX Cantilever 3D/en: Difference between revisions

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{{TutorialInfo
{{TutorialInfo
|Topic=Finite Element Analysis
|Topic=Finite Element Analysis
Line 6: Line 7:
|Author=[http://www.freecadweb.org/wiki/index.php?title=User:Berndhahnebach Bernd]
|Author=[http://www.freecadweb.org/wiki/index.php?title=User:Berndhahnebach Bernd]
|FCVersion=0.16.6377 or above
|FCVersion=0.16.6377 or above
|Files=
}}
}}


== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==
This example is meant to show how a simple Finite Element Analysis (FEA) in FreeCADs [[FEM_Module|FEM Module]] does look like and how the results can be visualized. It is shown how to trigger a FEA and how to change the load value and load direction. Furthermore since the example file is provided with any FreeCAD installation it is easy to check if the FEM module is set up properly.


This example is meant to show how a simple Finite Element Analysis ('''FEA''') in FreeCAD's [[FEM_Workbench|FEM Workbench]] looks like in the FreeCAD interface and how the results can be visualized. It illustrates how to trigger a FEA and how to change the load value and load direction. Furthermore, since the example file is provided with any FreeCAD installation, it a useful and easy check to run for the purpose of ascertaining if the the FEM Workbench is set up properly.
[[Image:FEM_example01_pic00.jpg|700px]]

[[Image:FEM_example01_pic10.png|700px]]


== Requirements ==
== Requirements ==

* FreeCAD version = 0.16.6377 or above.
* A compatible version of FreeCAD designated in the tutorial overview.
* This could be checked at the menu Help → about FreeCAD. The Revision number has to be higher than 6377
*: Use the {{MenuCommand|Help → About FreeCAD}} to see the version of FreeCAD installed
* No external software is needed for loading the example file, viewing the mesh and geometry as well as for visualizing the results.
* No external software is needed for loading the example file, viewing the mesh and geometry as well as for visualizing the results.
* For rerunning the FEA the solver software CalculiX has to be installed on your computer. Probably the solver has been installed together with FreeCAD already. If the solver CalculiX is not installed see [[FEM_Install|FEM Install]].
* For rerunning the FEA the solver software CalculiX has to be installed on your computer. Probably the solver has been installed together with FreeCAD already. If the solver CalculiX is not installed see [[FEM_Install|FEM Install]].


== Set up the example file ==
== Set up the example file ==

=== Load Start Workbench ===
* Start FreeCAD
* The Start Workbench should be loaded


=== Load the example file ===
=== Load the example file ===
* Go to the example projects and click on "Load an FEM analysis example"
* If due to further operations some geometry, constraints or the results are broken or deleted just repeat the steps above.


* Start FreeCAD.
[[Image:FEM_example01_pic01.jpg|700px]]
* If the Start Workbench is not activated, load it and open the start page.
* Open the example "FemCalculixCantilever3D.FcStd".


[[Image:FEM_example01_pic11.png|700px]]


=== Activate the analysis container ===
=== Activate the analysis container ===

* To work with an analysis the analysis has to be activated.
* To work with an analysis the analysis has to be activated.
* In tree view right click on the [[Image:FEM_Analysis.png|32px]] MechanicalAnalysis → Activate analysis
* In the [[Tree_view|tree view]], double click on the [[Image:FEM_Analysis.svg|24px]] {{Button|Analysis}},
* or right click on the [[Image:FEM_Analysis.svg|24px]] {{Button|Analysis}} and choose {{Button|Activate analysis}}.

[[Image:FEM_example01_pic02.jpg|700px]]


[[Image:FEM_example01_pic12.png|700px]]


=== Analysis container and its objects ===
=== Analysis container and its objects ===
* If the analysis is activated FreeCAD itself will change the current workbench to FEM.
* There are at least the 5 objects needed to make an static mechanical analysis.
* [[Image:FEM_Analysis.png|32px]] analysis container
# [[Image:FEM_Solver.png|32px]] a solver
# [[Image:FEM_Material.png|32px]] a material
# [[Image:FEM_FixedConstraint.png|32px]] a fixed constraint
# [[Image:FEM_ForceConstraint.png|32px]] a force constraint
# [[Image:FEM_Create.png|32px]] a FEM mesh
* Since in the example here the results are included as well there is a sixth object, the results [[Image:FEM ShowResult.png|16px]].


* If the analysis is activated, FreeCAD itself will change the current workbench to FEM.
* There are at least 5 objects needed to make a static mechanical analysis.
* [[Image:FEM_Analysis.svg|24px]] analysis container
# [[Image:FEM_SolverCalculixCxxtools.svg|24px]] a solver
# [[Image:FEM_MaterialSolid.svg|24px]] a material
# [[Image:FEM_ConstraintFixed.svg|24px]] a fixed boundary condition
# [[Image:FEM_ConstraintForce.svg|24px]] a force load
# [[Image:FEM_FEMMesh.svg|24px]] a FEM mesh
* In this example, results [[Image:FEM_ResultShow.svg|24px|link=FEM_ResultShow]] are already included as well.


=== Visualizing Results ===
=== Visualizing Results ===
* Be sure the analysis is activated.
* Be sure the analysis still contains the result object, if not just reload the example file.
* Click in icon toolbar on [[Image:FEM ShowResult.png|16px]] [[FEM_ResultShow|Show result]]
* In task window choose z-Displacement. It shows -88.443 mm in negative z-direction.
* This makes sense since the force is in negative z-direction as well.
* Activate the check box besides the bottom slider of displacement show.
* The slider can be used to alter the mesh to view the deformation in a simplified manner.
* Choose among the different Result types to view all in the GUI available result types.


# Be sure the analysis is activated.
[[Image:FEM_example01_pic03.jpg|400px]]
# Be sure the analysis still contains the result object, if not just reload the example file.
# Double click the result object [[Image:FEM_ResultShow.svg|24px]], or select it and click the [[Image:FEM_ResultShow.svg|24px]] [[FEM_ResultShow|Show result]] button in the FEM toolbar.
# In the task window, choose {{incode|z-Displacement}}. It shows {{incode|-86.93 mm}} in negative z-direction. This makes sense since the force is in negative z-direction as well.
# Activate the check box besides the bottom slider of displacement show.
# The slider can be used to alter the mesh to view the deformation in a simplified manner.
# Choose among the different Result types to view all in the GUI available result types.


[[Image:FEM_example01_pic13.png|400px]]


=== Purging Results ===
=== Purging Results ===

* Be sure the analysis is activated.
# Be sure the analysis is activated.
* To remove the results select in the icon toolbar [[Image:FEM_PurgeResults.png|32px]] [[FEM ResultsPurge|Purge results]]
# To remove the results: select in the icon toolbar the [[Image:FEM_ResultsPurge.svg|24px]] [[FEM_ResultsPurge|Purge results]] button.


=== Running the FEA ===
=== Running the FEA ===

* In Tree view double click on the solver object [[Image:FEM_Solver.png|32px]].
* In task window of the solver object make sure static analysis is selected.
* In the [[Tree_view|tree view]] double click on the solver object [[Image:FEM_SolverCalculixCxxtools.svg|24px]].
* In the [[Task_panel|task panel]] of the solver object make sure static analysis is selected.
* Click on write .inp file in the same task window. Watch the log window until it prints "write completed."
* Click on Run CalculiX. Since this is a very small analysis it should take less than a second to run.
* Click on {{Button|Write .inp file}} in the same task window. Watch the log window until it prints "write completed."
* Click on {{Button|Run CalculiX}}. Since this is a very small analysis it should take less than a second to run.
* In the text window it should print in green letters "CalculiX done!" and in the next line "loading result sets ..."
* In the text window it should print in green letters "CalculiX done without error!" and in the next line "loading result sets ..."
* You just have finished your first FEA in FreeCAD if there has not been any error message.
* You just have finished your first FEA in FreeCAD if there has not been any error message.
* Click on Close in the task window.
* Click on {{Button|Close}} in the task window.
* A new result object should be created. You know how to visualize the results already.
* A new result object should be created. You know how to visualize the results already.
* If you get an error message no solver binary or similar when triggering the analysis check [[FEM_Install|FEM Install]].
* If you get an error message no solver binary or similar when triggering the analysis check [[FEM_Install|FEM Install]].


[[Image:FEM_example01_pic04.jpg|400px]]
[[Image:FEM_example01_pic14.png|400px]]


=== Running the FEA the fast Way ===
=== Running the FEA the fast Way ===

* In tree view select the solver object [[Image:FEM_Solver.png|32px]] of the analysis [[Image:FEM_Analysis.png|32px]].
* In tree view select the solver object [[Image:FEM_SolverCalculixCxxtools.svg|24px]] of the analysis [[Image:FEM_Analysis.svg|24px]].
* In the icon toolbar click on [[Image:FEM_RunCalculiXccx.png|32px]] [[FEM_SolverRun|Quick Analysis]].
* In the icon toolbar click on [[Image:FEM_SolverRun.svg|24px]] [[FEM_SolverRun|Run solver calculations]].
* The Calculix input file will be written, CalculiX will be triggered and the result object should be created.
* The Calculix input file will be written, CalculiX will be triggered and the result object should be created.


=== Changing Load Direction and Load Value ===
=== Changing Load Direction and Load Value ===

* In tree view select the FEM mesh object [[Image:FEM_Create.png|32px]] and press the space key.
* In the [[Tree_view|tree view]] expand [[Image:FEM_ResultShow.svg|24px]] CCX_Results and select the [[Image:FEM_MeshResult.svg|24px]] ResultMesh object and press the {{KEY|Space}} key.
* The visibility of the FEM mesh will be turned off. The geometrical model is still visible.
** '''Result:''' The visibility of the FEM mesh will be turned off. The geometrical model is still visible.
* In tree view double click on the force constraint object to open its task window.
* In the [[Tree_view|tree view]] double click on the [[Image:FEM_ConstraintForce.svg|24px]] FEMConstraintForce object to open its [[Task_panel|task panel]]
* In the task window change the load value to 500000000 N = 500 MN (force unit in task window has to be in N)
* In the task window change the load value to '''500000000 N = 500 MN''' ('''Note:''' force unit in task window has to be in N)
* Click on Button Direction.
* On the geometrical model click on on of the long edges in x-direction.
* On the geometrical model click on one of the long edges in x-direction.
* Click on the {{Button|Direction}} button.
* The red arrows of the force will change their direction in x-direction. They show to the fixed direction.
** '''Result:''' The red arrows that illustrate force will change their direction in x-direction. They indicate the force direction.
* Since tension should be applied to the box the Reverse Direction needs to be triggered by clicking on it.
* Since tension should be applied to the box the Reverse Direction needs to be triggered by clicking on it.
* The red arrows of the force will change their direction.
* The red arrows of the force will change their direction.
* Click on OK in task window.
* Click on {{Button|OK}} in task window.
[[Image:FEM_example01_pic05.jpg|700px]]
* Turn the visibility of the FEM mesh [[Image:FEM_Create.png|32px]] on by selecting it in tree view and pressing the space key.
* You know how to trigger an analysis and how to visualize results already.
* The deformation in x-direction should be 19.05 mm.


[[Image:FEM_example01_pic06.jpg|400px]]
[[Image:FEM_example01_pic15.png|700px]]

* You know how to trigger an analysis and how to visualize results already.
* The deformation in x-direction should be 18.95 mm.

[[Image:FEM_example01_pic16.png|400px]]


== What next? ==
== What next? ==

* We are now finished with the basic workflow for the [[FEM Module|FEM Module]].
* We are now finished with the basic workflow for the [[FEM_Workbench|FEM Workbench]].
* You are now prepared to do the second [[FEM_tutorial|FEM tutorial]].
* You are now prepared to do the second [[FEM_tutorial|FEM tutorial]].
* We will create the CalculiX cantilever by ourselves and compare the results with the beam theory.
* We will create the CalculiX cantilever by ourselves and compare the results with the beam theory.



{{FEM Tools navi}}
{{FEM Tools navi{{#translation:}}}}
{{Userdocnavi}}
{{Userdocnavi{{#translation:}}}}
{{clear}}

Latest revision as of 09:19, 30 November 2023

Tutorial
Topic
Finite Element Analysis
Level
Beginner
Time to complete
10 minutes
Authors
Bernd
FreeCAD version
0.16.6377 or above
Example files
None
See also
None

Introduction

This example is meant to show how a simple Finite Element Analysis (FEA) in FreeCAD's FEM Workbench looks like in the FreeCAD interface and how the results can be visualized. It illustrates how to trigger a FEA and how to change the load value and load direction. Furthermore, since the example file is provided with any FreeCAD installation, it a useful and easy check to run for the purpose of ascertaining if the the FEM Workbench is set up properly.

Requirements

  • A compatible version of FreeCAD designated in the tutorial overview.
    Use the Help → About FreeCAD to see the version of FreeCAD installed
  • No external software is needed for loading the example file, viewing the mesh and geometry as well as for visualizing the results.
  • For rerunning the FEA the solver software CalculiX has to be installed on your computer. Probably the solver has been installed together with FreeCAD already. If the solver CalculiX is not installed see FEM Install.

Set up the example file

Load the example file

  • Start FreeCAD.
  • If the Start Workbench is not activated, load it and open the start page.
  • Open the example "FemCalculixCantilever3D.FcStd".

Activate the analysis container

  • To work with an analysis the analysis has to be activated.
  • In the tree view, double click on the Analysis,
  • or right click on the Analysis and choose Activate analysis.

Analysis container and its objects

  • If the analysis is activated, FreeCAD itself will change the current workbench to FEM.
  • There are at least 5 objects needed to make a static mechanical analysis.
  • analysis container
  1. a solver
  2. a material
  3. a fixed boundary condition
  4. a force load
  5. a FEM mesh
  • In this example, results are already included as well.

Visualizing Results

  1. Be sure the analysis is activated.
  2. Be sure the analysis still contains the result object, if not just reload the example file.
  3. Double click the result object , or select it and click the Show result button in the FEM toolbar.
  4. In the task window, choose z-Displacement. It shows -86.93 mm in negative z-direction. This makes sense since the force is in negative z-direction as well.
  5. Activate the check box besides the bottom slider of displacement show.
  6. The slider can be used to alter the mesh to view the deformation in a simplified manner.
  7. Choose among the different Result types to view all in the GUI available result types.

Purging Results

  1. Be sure the analysis is activated.
  2. To remove the results: select in the icon toolbar the Purge results button.

Running the FEA

  • In the tree view double click on the solver object .
  • In the task panel of the solver object make sure static analysis is selected.
  • Click on Write .inp file in the same task window. Watch the log window until it prints "write completed."
  • Click on Run CalculiX. Since this is a very small analysis it should take less than a second to run.
  • In the text window it should print in green letters "CalculiX done without error!" and in the next line "loading result sets ..."
  • You just have finished your first FEA in FreeCAD if there has not been any error message.
  • Click on Close in the task window.
  • A new result object should be created. You know how to visualize the results already.
  • If you get an error message no solver binary or similar when triggering the analysis check FEM Install.

Running the FEA the fast Way

  • In tree view select the solver object of the analysis .
  • In the icon toolbar click on Run solver calculations.
  • The Calculix input file will be written, CalculiX will be triggered and the result object should be created.

Changing Load Direction and Load Value

  • In the tree view expand CCX_Results and select the ResultMesh object and press the Space key.
    • Result: The visibility of the FEM mesh will be turned off. The geometrical model is still visible.
  • In the tree view double click on the FEMConstraintForce object to open its task panel
  • In the task window change the load value to 500000000 N = 500 MN (Note: force unit in task window has to be in N)
  • On the geometrical model click on one of the long edges in x-direction.
  • Click on the Direction button.
    • Result: The red arrows that illustrate force will change their direction in x-direction. They indicate the force direction.
  • Since tension should be applied to the box the Reverse Direction needs to be triggered by clicking on it.
  • The red arrows of the force will change their direction.
  • Click on OK in task window.

  • You know how to trigger an analysis and how to visualize results already.
  • The deformation in x-direction should be 18.95 mm.

What next?

  • We are now finished with the basic workflow for the FEM Workbench.
  • You are now prepared to do the second FEM tutorial.
  • We will create the CalculiX cantilever by ourselves and compare the results with the beam theory.