Sketcher Workbench/cs



Pracovní plocha Skicář je používána pro vytváření 2D konstrukcí určených pro použití v Pracovní plocha Návrh dílu a dalších pracovních ploch. Obecně jsou 2D konstrukce zamýšleny jako startovní bod pro většinu CAD modelů - jednoduchý 2D náčrt může být 'vysunut' do 3D tvaru, dále mohou být 2D náčrty použity k vytváření kapes v povrchu objektu a náčrty mohou být využity pro definování 'desek' (vysunutí) na povrchu 3D objektů. Spolu s logickými operacemi, náčrt vytváří jádro generativního návrhu dílu tělesa.

Samotná pracovní plocha Skicář obsahuje vazby - umožňující 2D tvarům mít vazby pro přesné definice konstrukcí. A kalkulátor vazeb který počítá rozšíření vazeb 2D konstrukcí a umožňuje interaktivní zkoumání stupňů volnosti náčrtů

Základy vazeb v náčrtu
Pro vysvětlení funkce Skicáře může být užitečné porovnání s "tradičním" způsobem kreslení.

Tradiční kreslení
Tradiční způsob kreslení v CADu vychází ze starého kreslicího prkna. Ortogonální (2D) pohledy jsou kresleny ručně a určeny pro vytváření technických výkresů (také známé jako blueprints). Objekty jsou kresleny přesně pro zamýšlený rozměr nebo velikost. Chcete-li nakreslit vodorovnou přímku dlouhou 100mm a začínající v (0,0), aktivujete nástroj Přímka buď kliknutím na obrazovku nebo zadáte souřadnice prvního bodu (0,0), potom uděláte druhý klik nebo zadáte souřadnice druhého bodu (100,0). Nebo nakreslíte přímku bez ohledu na její pozici a posunete ji později. Když dokončíte kreslení konstrukce, přidáte k ní kóty.

Constraint Sketching
The Sketcher moves away from this logic. Objects do not need to be drawn exactly as you intend to, because they will be defined later on by constraints. Objects can be drawn loosely, and as long as they are unconstrained, can be modified. They are in effect "floating" and can be moved, stretched, rotated, scaled, and so on. This gives great flexibility in the design process.

What are constraints?
Constraints are used to limit the degrees of freedom of an object. For example, a line without constraints has 4 degrees of freedom: it can be moved horizontally or vertically, it can be stretched, and it can be rotated.

Applying a horizontal or vertical constraint, or an angle constraint (relative to another line or to one of the axes), will limit its capacity to rotate, thus leaving it with 3 degrees of freedom. Locking one of its points in relation to the origin will remove another 2 degrees of freedom. And applying a dimension constraint will remove the last degree of freedom. The line is then considered fully-constrained.

Multiple objects can be constrained between one another. Two lines can be joined through one of their points with the coincident point constraint. An angle can be set between them, or they can be set perpendicular. A line can be tangent to an arc or a circle, and so on.

There are two kinds of constraints: geometric and dimensional. They are detailed in the 'The tools' section below.

What the Sketcher is not good for
The Sketcher is not intended for producing 2D blueprints. Once sketches are used to generate a solid feature, they are automatically hidden. Dimensions are only visible in Sketch edit mode.

If you only need to produce 2D views for print, and don't want to create 3D models, check out the Draft workbench (keep in mind though that the Draft workbench can also be useful to create 2D geometry not available in the Sketcher at this time, like B-Splines.)

Sketching Workflow
To be added

Good Practices
Every CAD user develops his own way of working over time, but there are some useful general principles to follow.


 * A series of simple sketches is easier to manage than a single complex one. For example, a first sketch can be created for the base 3D feature (either a pad or a revolve), while a second one can contain holes or cutouts (pockets). Some details can be left out, to be realized later on as 3D features. You can choose to avoid fillets in your sketch if there are too many, and add them as a 3D feature.
 * Always create a closed profile, or your sketch won't produce a solid, but rather a set of open faces. If you don't want some of the objects to be included in the solid creation, turn them to construction elements with the Construction Mode tool.
 * Use the auto constraints feature to limit the number of constraints you'll have to add manually.
 * As a general rule, apply geometric constraints first, then dimensional constraints, and lock your sketch last. But remember: rules are made to be broken. If you're having trouble manipulating your sketch, it may be useful to constrain a few objects first before completing your profile.
 * If possible, center your sketch to the origin (0,0) with the lock constraint. If your sketch is not symmetric, locate one of its points to the origin, or choose nice round numbers for the lock distances. In v0.12, external constraints (constraining the sketch to existing 3D geometry like edges or to other sketches) are not implemented. This means that to locate following sketches geometry to your first sketch, you'll need to set distances relative to your first sketch manually. A lock constraint of (25,75) from the origin is more easily remembered than (23.47,73.02).
 * If you have the possibility to choose between the Length constraint and the Horizontal or Vertical Distance constraints, prefer the latter. Horizontal and Vertical Distance constraints are computationally cheaper.

The tools
The Sketcher Workbench tools are all located in the Sketcher menu that appears when you load the Sketcher Workbench.