Path Workbench/zh

简介
刀路工作台用于从FreeCAD 3D模型生成CNC机器指令. 它们可以在CNC机床上生产真实的3D产品，如铣床，车床，激光切割机等. 通常，指令是G-Code语言.



FreeCAD刀路工作台按如下工作流程创建这些机器指令：
 * 使用零件设计工作台，零件工作台 或草图工作台中的一个或多个创建作为基础对象的3D模型.
 * 在刀路工作台中创建刀路作业. 这包含用于生成在CNC铣床上处理作业的G-code所有必要的信息：有库存材料，工厂有一定的刀具包，它遵循某些命令(通常是G-Code)控制速度和运动.
 * 根据作业操作的要求选择刀具.
 * 使用例如 轮廓线和开槽操作创建铣削路径. 这些刀路对象使用FreeCAD内部独立于CNC机器的G-Code语言.
 * 使用与您的机器匹配的G-Code形式导出作业.

快速链接
根据您对刀路工作台的兴趣，有不同的主题可供进一步阅读：


 * 如果您是一位试图熟悉刀路功能的新用户，您可能会对快速通过教程感兴趣.
 * 如果您有一台不能使用可用后置处理程序的特殊机器，您可能想了解后置处理程序定制
 * 作为有经验的用户，您可能想要编写宏或自动化一个处理过程的话您，那么您可能需要了解脚本编写
 * 想要简化工作流程的高级用户可以了解定制化.
 * 想要为刀路功能做出贡献的新开发人员可能想要了解核心概念.

一般概念
刀路工作台生成G-code，用于定义铣削产品的刀具运行路径，产品外形通过刀路作业操作 FreeCAD G-Code指令模拟铣削后的3D数模所呈现，该G-code指令通过选择适合的前置处理程序被转换为适合目标CNC控制器的指令. G-code由包含在刀路作业中的指令和操作生成. 作业工作流将这些指令和操作按其执行顺序列出. 该列表通过添加刀路操作、刀路修饰、刀路分步命令和通过刀路菜单或者图形界面按钮刀路修改完成.

刀路工作台提供刀具管理器（库，刀具表），G-code检查和铣削模拟工具. 它连接前置处理程序并允许导入和导出工作模板.

刀路工作台的外部依赖包括： ＃宏文件路径和几何公差在标签中设置. ＃颜色在标签中设置. ＃持有标记参数在标签中设置. ＃基础3D数模品质支持刀路WB需求，通过几何体检查.
 * 1) 在 中设置的FreeCAD的3D数模尺寸单位. 前置处理程序设置定义了最终的G-code尺寸单位.

单位
刀路工作台中的单位处理可能会令人感到困惑. 有几点需要了解： ＃默认单位模式使用默认单位. 如果您使用默认模式并输入没有单位给进率，则给进率的单位为'mm/s' ＃大多数数控机床都需要的进给速率为“mm/min”或“in/min”. 大多数后置处理程序会在生成G-code时自动转换单位.
 * 1) FreeCAD基本单位的长度和时间分别为'mm'和's'. 因此速度单位为'mm/s'.  这就是FreeCAD内部存储的东西，与其他无关.

Schemas:
 * 1) Changing schema in preferences changes default unit string for the input fields.  If you're a Path user and prefer to design in metric, it's highly recommended that you use the "Metric Small Parts & CNC" schema.  If you design in US units, either the Imperial Decimal and Building US will work
 * 2) Changing your preferred unit schema will have no effect on output but will help avoid input errors

Output:
 * 1) Generating the correct unit in output is the responsibility of the post-processor and is done only at that time
 * 2) Machine output unit is completely unrelated to your selected unit schema
 * 3) Post-processors produce either metric (G21) output, Imperial (G20) output or are configurable.
 * 4) Configurable post-processors default to metric (G21)
 * 5) If you want your configurable post-processor to output imperial gcode (G20), Set the correct argument in your job output configation (ie --inches for linuxcnc).  This can be stored in a job template and set as your default template to make it automatic for all future jobs

Path Inspection:
 * 1) If you use the Path Inspect tool to look at g-code, you will see it in 'mm/s' because it is not being post-processed

Path Commands
These commands are used for seting up a CNC project and manage your templates.


 * [[Image:Path-Job.png|32px]] Job: Creates a new CNC job


 * [[Image:Path_PostProcess.png|32px]] Post Process: Exports a project to G-code


 * [[Image:Path-ExportTemplate.png|32px]] Export Template: Export the current job as a template


 * Path_Inspect.png G-Code Inspector: Shows the G-code for checking


 * Path_Simulator.png Simulator: Shows the milling operation like it's done on the machine


 * [[Image:Path_ToolLibraryEdit.png|32px]] Tool Manager: Edit the Tool Manager


 * Path-CompleteLoop.png Complete Loop: Completes a loop from two selected edges


 * Path_Contour.png Contour: Creates a path of the contour of the base object


 * [[Image:Path-Profile-Face.png|32px]] Profile from Face: Creates a profiling path from a selected face


 * [[Image:Path-Profile-Edges.png|32px]] Profile from Edges: Creates a profiling path from selected edges


 * [[Image:Path_Pocket.png|32px]] Pocket: Creates a pocketing operation from one ore more selected pocket(s)


 * [[Image:Path_Drilling.png|32px]] Drilling: Performs a drilling cycle


 * [[Image:Path-Engrave.png|32px]] Engrave: Creates a engraving path


 * [[Image:Path-Face.png|32px]] Mill Face: Creates a surfacing path


 * [[Image:Path-Helix.png|32px]] Helix: Creates a helical path


 * [[Image:Path-3DPocket.png|32px]] 3D Pocket: Creates a path for a 3D pocket

Path Dressup

 * [[Image:Path_DressupDogbone.png|32px]] Dogbone Dressup: Adds a dogbone dressup modification to a selected path


 * [[Image:Path_DressupDragKnife.png|32px]] Dragknife Dressup: Adds a dragknife dressup modification to a selected path


 * [[Image:Path_DressupLeadInOut.png|32px]] Lead In Dressup: Adds a lead-in and/or lead-out point to a selected path


 * [[Image:Path_DressupRampEntry.png|32px]] Ramp Entry Dressup: Adds ramp entry dressup modification to a selected path


 * [[Image:Path_DressupTag.png|32px]] Tag Dressup: Adds a holding tag dressup modification to a selected path

Partial Commands

 * [[Image:Path_Fixture.png|32px]] Fixture: Changes the fixture position


 * [[Image:Path_Comment.png|32px]] Comment: Inserts a comment in the G-code of a path


 * [[Image:Path_Stop.png|32px]] Stop: Inserts a full stop of the machine


 * [[Image:Path_Custom.png|32px]] Custom: Inserts custom G-code


 * [[Image:Path_GcodeFromShape.png|32px]] Gcode From a Shape: Creates a path object from a selected Part object

Path Modification

 * [[Image:Path_Copy.png|32px]] Copy: Creates a parametric Copie of a selected path object


 * [[Image:Path_Array.png|32px]] Array: Creates an array by duplicating a selected path


 * [[Image:Path_SimpleCopy.png|32px]] Simple Copy: Creates a non-parametric copy of a selected path object

Other

 * [[Image:Path-3DSurface.png|32px]] 3D Surface: Creates a path for a 3D surface


 * [[Image:Path-Area.png|32px]] Feature area: Creates a feature area from selected objects


 * [[Image:Path-Area-Workplane.png|32px]] Feature area workplane: Creates a feature area workplane


 * Path_Sanity.png Path Errors: Checks the selected Job for missing values

Preferences

 * [[Image:Std_DlgParameter.png|32px]] Preferences...: Preferences disposable in Path Tools.

Scripting
See the Path scripting page.

The Path workbench offers a broad Python scripting API. With it, you can create and modify paths from python scripts, or extend the available functionality of the workbench.

FAQ
See the Path FAQ

The Path Workbench shares many concepts with other CAM software packages but has its own peculiarities. If something seems wrong, this might be a good place to start.