Release notes 0.14/fr

Ceci est un résumé des changements les plus intéressants survenus dans FreeCAD depuis la dernière version. Voir sur Mantis (en anglais) pour la liste complète des changements.

Les versions plus anciennes : 0.13 - 0.12 - 0.11

Modèle d'une Jeep par Psicofil

Migration du site
Nous avons finalement déplacé toutes les applications web depuis SourceForge sur notre propre domaine. La nouvelle page d'accueil de FreeCAD se trouve à l'adresse http://www.freecadweb.org, le wiki est maintenant à l'adresse http://www.freecadweb.org/wiki, le système de suivi de bogues et de fonctionnalités est à cette adresse http://www.freecadweb.org/tracker, enfin le forum est à l'adresse suivante : http://forum.freecadweb.org. Si vous aviez un compte sur une de ces applications quand elles étaient sur SourceForge alors vous pouvez récupérer votre identifant et mot de passe en suivant ces instructions.

La seule partie de FreeCAD qui reste sur SourceForge est le dépôt Git, à la même adresse : http://sourceforge.net/p/free-cad/code/ci/master/tree/ mais il y a aussi un miroir automatisé de ce code sur GitHub, à l'adresse suivante : http://github.com/FreeCAD/FreeCAD_sf_master

Si vous n'avez pas encore rencontré l'incroyable communauté FreeCAD, payez-vous une visite sur le forum, et soyez impressionné par son talent, son énergie et son aide généreuse.

Passage à PySide, FreeCAD est maintenant complètement LGPL
En raison des nombreuses complications provoquées par le modèle de double-licence de FreeCAD (LGPL et GPL), certains des composants de FreeCAD (à savoir le noyau OpenCasCade) étant incompatibles avec tout code GPL, nous avons décidé de commuter tout le code GPL restant de FreeCAD à LGPL. En raison de cette opération, PyQt n'est plus employé, et a été remplacé par PySide. Il n'y a pas beaucoup de conséquences sur l'écriture des scripts python, PyQt peut toujours être employé à l'intérieur de FreeCAD.

Après avoir terminé notre passage à la LPGL, le projet OpenCasCade aussi passé à la LPGL, ce qui aurait résolu nos conflits de licence. Mais nous avons désormais un modèle de licence unifié et beaucoup plus clair qui devrait satisfaire toutes les distributions Linux les plus strictes.

Modules d'extension et projets parallèles : bibliothèque de Pièces, BOLTS, importateur Eagle
The last year has seen a couple of interesting side projects emerge along FreeCAD. A Parts library has been started by the community and is slowly growing, consisting of a collection of reusable parts to add to your FreeCAD models. It can be launched and used from inside FreeCAD with the use of a macro.

Another similar but more ambitious project is BOLTS, which is also a parts library, but built from parametric scripts, able to produce a wide variety of parametric parts. BOLTS, although application-independent, can also be run from FreeCAD by launching a macro. The image below shows BOLTS running inside FreeCAD.



Another interesting external project is the EAGLE importer, which allows you to import PCB board designs made from several applications into FreeCAD.

Export WebGL
Depuis FreeCAD, vous pouvez maintenant exporter votre scène comme une page WebGL - HTML. Ce fichier inclut une visionneuse basée sur three.js qui permet d'inspecter la scène depuis le Web sans plugins, tant que vous le regardez avec un navigateur WebGL-compatible.

Système d'unités
Finally, a units system has been implemented at FreeCAD level, so it is available to all modules. You are now able to choose a units schema from the preferences. Currently available schemas include millimeters, meters and imperial measurements, but more should become available soon. Once this schema is set, most properties and tools of FreeCAD will use this unit preferentially. But the system is very flexible, and in most places, you can mix units as much as you like, for example giving measures in inches in a document set in millimeters.

Feuilles de style
FreeCAD 0.14 becomes even more customizable with the addition of Style Sheets being used to control the background image in the main window. No longer is the user stuck with the grey stone background. Almost any image, picture or custom tile may be used to fill the background space in FreeCAD's main Window.



Mode d'affichage global
The default View toolbar has been extended with a couple of new buttons to easily switch the display of the whole 3D view to wireframe, shaded or flat lines mode.

Anti-aliasing pour la fenêtre 3D
New options have been added to the 3D view anti-aliasing system of FreeCAD, that you can find in the preferences. If you have a good 3D graphic chip, you can now enjoy FreeCAD with very high-quality anti-aliasing.

Lissage et Balayage
The Part Loft and Part Sweep tools have been bettered and can now use Draft Workbench objects as profiles

Décalage
The new Part Offset tool creates copies of a selected shape at a certain distance from the base shape.

Épaisseur
A new Part Thickness tool is now available. This tool works on a solid shape, and turns it into a hollow object, by giving each of its faces a given thickness.

Faire un Composé
The Part Workbench now features a Make Compound tool, which allows you to quickly create a compound object from a set of selected shapes.

Pièce Primitives
New Part primitives have been added to the Part CreatePrimitives tool: Prisms, regular polygons and spirals are now easy to create by filling out a couple of parameters. Furthermore, some tools from the Draft Workbench can now take advantage of this feature and create these primitives too, instead of their regular Draft object, when the appropriate option is set in the Draft preferences settings.



Outils de mesure
A new measurement toolset has been added to the Part workbench. With it, you can select two shape elements (vertices, edges or faces), and display the distance between the two in absolute distance, and along X and Y axes.

Valider une esquisse
The Sketcher now features a new Validate sketch tool to help you to validate a sketch, by finding missing or redundant constraints. It can also automatically add some missing constraints, in order to make your sketch fully constrained.

Générateur d'engrenage
An involute gear generator tool has been added to the PartDesign workbench, to quickly create such gears from parameters.

Projections Automatique
The Drawing Workbench continues to be improved with some exciting new features. Orthographic Projections now allows all views to be displayed as well as much greater control over individual views. Another key feature, Drawing Templates may now contain data defining Border and Title Block locations that will automatically confine Projections within the border while at the same time automatically avoiding the space occupied by the Title Block.



Symboles
A new Drawing Symbol tool is available on the Drawing Workbench allowing to quickly place SVG objects on the Drawing sheet. These objects are stored within the FreeCAD file, so you don't need to ship the original SVG file when distributing your files.

Nouveaux outils de rendu


The Raytracing workbench has also received some love, and its toolbar has been reworked. The "old" buttons that manually produced partial povray files have been removed (they are still there in the Raytracing menu), and you can now produce a rendering pretty much the same way as you use the Drawing workbench: You create a new project, give it a template, then fill it with views of your objects. When you are done, just hit the render button, or export it to a file that is ready to render outside of FreeCAD.

The Raytracing templates system has also been extended, and templates are now easier to manipulate and create.

FreeCAD produced .pov scripts now contain auto-aspect ratio. Users no longer need to maintain a 4:3 aspect ratio in their Raytracing settings or need to manually edit the output to change ratios in order to get a proper render. Any width and height may now be entered without fear that the rendered objects will come out squashed or stretched.

Support de Luxrender
Together with the existing support for POV-Ray, the Raytracing workbench now also supports LuxRender. Where POV-Ray is a classical-style raytracer, that shoots rays from the camera in order to find the color of each pixel of the image, Luxrender is an unbiased renderer, which takes much longer to render scenes, but can produce much more realistic lighting.

Tableur
A new Spreadsheet Workbench has been added to FreeCAD. It allows you to create spreadsheet objects, that contain 2-dimensional spreadsheet data. It also features an editor so you can edit the spreadsheet contents (texts, numbers and some basic formulas are supported), and a special cell controller object, that can scan the document for certain types of objects, extract a certain property from them, and fill a certain range of cells with these values.



DWG import/export
FreeCAD est maintenant capable d'importer et d'exporter le format DWG, merci au logiciel libre et multi plateforme Teigha Converter. Une fois que le Teigha Converter est installé et que son chemin est paramétré dans les préférences de l'atelier Draft de FreeCAD, FreeCAD pourra l'utiliser pour importer et exporter des fichiers DWG, en les convertissant d'abord en dxf puis en utilisant la fonction import/export des DXF de l'atelier Draft. L'import export des DWG a toutefois les même limitations que celuis pour les format dxf.

Dessin vers Plan fonctionne avec les groupes
L'outil Dessin vers Plan, qui sert a placer des objets de type Dessin sur une page de Plan, peut maintenant être appliqué sur des groupes, permettant de créer plusieurs vues sur une page de Dessin. Avec une gestion intelligente des groupes d'objets Dessin, vous avez une façon simple de contrôler l'apparence de plusieurs objets sur votre page.

Cotations recodées
The Draft Dimension tool has been fully recoded, and dimension objects now behave much better, and have gained a few new properties, allowing to fine-tune them better, such as nicer and scalable arrows, more control over the position of the text and the direction of the dimension, and, above all, better support for the Drawing Module. You can now place dimensions in any plane of the 3D space, and expect correct results when placing them on a Drawing sheet with the Draft Drawing tool.



Hachures
The Draft workbench also features a new toy: hatching. On specific Draft objects (those that form a closed shape such as closed polylines, rectangles, regular polygons or circles), it is now possible to apply hatching. Currently, only a couple of default hatch patterns are available, but since those patterns are very easy to create (they are simple svg files), and custom patterns can already be added by the user, the default collection might grow quickly. Draft objects with patterns are also faithfully supported by the Drawing workbench.



Ellipses
Support for ellipses has been added, the Draft workbench now allows you to draw full or portions of ellipses.

Chanfrein
In the same fashion as fillets, that had appeared in release 013, Draft rectangles, wires and polygons now gained a chamfer property, which chamfers their angle. The chamfer is applied before the fillet,and both properties can be used together, allowing you to quickly turn a very simple wire into a complex object made of many sections.

Joindre et Éclater recodés
The Draft Upgrade and Draft Downgrade tools, before hermetic pieces of magic, from which you were never too sure what the result would be, have been recoded, and now output much friendlier messages, informing you what has been done and why. They are now also available to python scripting, not only as a whole, but also their internal operations, so you can precisely order a certain upgrade type to be performed.

Copie de face
A new Draft Facebinder tool has been added, that does a very simple but potentially very useful operation: It gathers any number of selected faces from different objects, and creates a new object from these faces. The new object keeps links to the original objects, so any change in them is reflected in the facebinder object. This should prove useful above all for architectural objects, where you can now construct new objects from the faces of several others.

Texte surfacique
The Draft ShapeString tool creates planar objects from a text and a truetype font. These objects, unlike common annotations such as the Draft Text, are real 3D objects, can be extruded, and can therefore be used to create engravings and other kinds of 3D objects with text in relief.

Courbes de Bezier
Alongside the existing arcs of circle and B-spline curves, a new type of curve has just been merged in the Draft module: Bezier curves. They can be created by clicking points, the same way as other Draft objects, but you can then edit them and modify their handle points, gaining a very precise control over the curve shape.

Préréglages et profiles de structures
L'outil Arch Structure a gagné plusieurs améliorations : il comporte maintenant des préréglages qui permettent de construire des poutre ou des colonnes basé sur des profils standard comme INP ou HEB, un système de placement plus facile avec un mode spéciale d'snapping. Vous pouvez maintenant également donner aux éléments structurels un chemin d'extrusion afin de rendre possible des configurations avancés. Certaine des pièces offertes par BOLTS peuvent aussi être directement créées comme des éléments structurel Architecturales.

Préréglages des Fenêtres
L'outil Arch Window a également gagné un nouveau système de préréglages. Bien que toujours basé sur des croquis, qui assure la flexibilité maximale (pratiquement n'importe quel type de fenêtre peut être facilement créé), de nouvelles fenêtres peuvent maintenant être faites à partir d'une série de préréglages. Vous devez seulement choisir un préréglage, remplissez quelques paramètres, et placez votre fenêtre, sur un mur existant ou un élément structurel. Un croquis associé sera créé, qui sera éditable à n'importe quelle moment.



Volumes
Un nouvel objet Espace est maintenant disponible, permettant de construire, annoter et calculer les espaces et les surfaces couvertes. Ces objets Espaces entourent toujours un volume solide, ainsi vous pouvez toujours connaître leur volume et surface couverte. Ils peuvent être construits d'une forme solide, ou d'un ensemble de faces.

Murs multicouches
Walls can now be multilayer, with a very simple trick: Several walls can be based on a same baseline, specifying an offset distance from the baseline. This, combined for example with Arch Frames, allows for example to create complex framed walls, or walls with an insulation layer. Furthermore, these walls are aware of their "brothers" (other walls based on the same baseline), and any window placed on one of these walls will also create a hole on its brothers.



Escaliers
A new Stairs tool has also been added, which allows you to build complex stairs from a couple of parameters. Currently only straight stairs are available, but the list will grow over time. These stairs have many configuration parameters, such as the size of the step floor, or the type of their structure.

Barres de renforcement
Reinforcing bars (also called rebars) have been introduced with the Arch Rebar tool. They are also based on sketches, which ensures great flexibility. They are created basically by drawing thr diagrams of the bars on the appropriate faces of structural elements, then turning those diagrams into actual rebars.



Ossatures
Frame systems are used everywhere in architecture: Railings, structural systems, frame walls, etc. The new Arch Frame tool allows to easily create all kinds of frames, by combining a profile object, which can be any flat, extrudable shape, such as a rectangle or a circle, and a layout object, which defines extrusion lines on which the members of the frame object are placed. Layouts are typically drawn with the Sketcher Workbench. These Frame objects can then be turned into walls or structures if needed.

Métré
Another simple but useful tool is now available in the Arch workbench: the Arch Survey mode. In this mode, you click on vertices, edges, faces or whole objects, and get their height, length, area or volume. This information is shown on the model, but also copied to the clipboard, and gathered as text, so it is easy to paste in other applications, giving you a pretty fast workflow when building quantities bills.

Tutoriel
A new 35-page tutorial describes the Arch workbench in all its details, following a complete exercise.

Import/export du format IFC
Much work has been done on both FreeCAD and IfcOpenShell, which is the piece of software responsible for handling IFC files in the Arch module. When using a development version of IfcOpenShell, apart from a spectacular gain in speed when importing medium-sized IFC files (around 50Mb), FreeCAD is also able to export models to the IFC format. The support to export is still in first stages of development, but already manages to export files readable without errors by most of the major IFC-supporting applications.

Liste complète
La liste complète des correction de bug et des nouvelles fonctionnalités peuvent être lu sur http://freecadweb.org/tracker/changelog_page.php