CompileOnUnix/ru

Сборка FreeCAD в современных дистрибутивах Линукс, как правило, не вызывает сложностей, поскольку все зависимости можно разрешить с помощью менеджера пакетов, встроенного в дистрибутив. Сборка включает 3 этапа:
 * 1) Загрузка исходного кода FreeCAD.
 * 2) Разрешение зависимостей (packages FreeCAD depends upon).
 * 3) Настройка с помощью "cmake" и компиляция с помощью "make".

Ниже вы найдете подробное описание процесса сборки, некоторых скриптов компиляции и особенностей, с которыми Вы можете столкнуться. Если вы найдете ошибки, устаревшие сведения, отсутствие перевода, или если вы используете дистрибутив, которого нет в списке, то мы будем благодарны, если поможете это исправить.

Загрузка исходников
Перед началом сборки вам понадобится исходный код. Существует 3 способа получить его.

Git
Самый простой и быстрый способ загрузить исходники заключается в клонировании репозитория, который расположен на GitHub (перед этим нужно установить git):

Эта команда копирует последнюю версию исходного кода FreeCAD в папку "free-cad-code".

GitHub
Официальный репозиторий FreeCAD на GitHub: github.com/FreeCAD/FreeCAD

Архив исходников
Вы можете скачать архив с исходным кодом, но он может содержать старую версию, поэтому рекомендуется скачивать последнюю версию с помощью Git или GitHub.


 * Официальный архив исходников FreeCAD (платформонезависимый): FreeCAD-0.17_pre.zip.

Разрешение зависимостей
Перед компиляцией FreeCAD под Линукс вы должны установить все библиотеки перечисленные в статье Сторонние библиотеки. Обратите внимание, что названия библиотек и их доступность зависят от вашего дистрибутива. Учтите, что в старых дистрибутивах некоторые пакеты, перечисленные ниже, могут отсутствовать в репозитории. В этом случае обратитесь к разделу Старые и нетрадиционные дистрибутивы.

Перейти к компиляции FreeCAD

Debian и Ubuntu
В дистрибутивах основанных на Debian (Debian, Ubuntu, Mint и других) достаточно просто разрешить все зависимости. Большинство библиотек можно установить с помощью apt-get или менеджера пакетов Synaptic.

either:
 * build-essential
 * cmake
 * python
 * python-matplotlib
 * libtool
 * libcoin60-dev (Debian Wheezy, Wheezy-backports, Ubuntu 13.04 and before)

or:
 * libcoin80-dev (Debian unstable(Jesse), testing, Ubuntu 13.10 and forward)

either:
 * libsoqt4-dev
 * libxerces-c-dev
 * libboost-dev
 * libboost-filesystem-dev
 * libboost-regex-dev
 * libboost-program-options-dev
 * libboost-signals-dev
 * libboost-thread-dev
 * libboost-python-dev
 * libqt4-dev
 * libqt4-opengl-dev
 * qt4-dev-tools
 * python-dev
 * python-pyside
 * pyside-tools
 * libopencascade-dev (official opencascade version)

or:
 * liboce*-dev (opencascade community edition)
 * oce-draw


 * libeigen3-dev
 * libqtwebkit-dev
 * libshiboken-dev
 * libpyside-dev
 * libode-dev
 * swig
 * libzipios++-dev
 * libfreetype6
 * libfreetype6-dev

Допольнительные инструкции для libcoin80-dev в Debian wheezy-backports, unstable, testing, Ubuntu 13.10 и так далее

Обратите внимание, что t liboce*-dev включает следующие библиотеки: Вам может понадобиться установить эти пакеты по одному.
 * liboce-foundation-dev
 * liboce-modeling-dev
 * liboce-ocaf-dev
 * liboce-visualization-dev
 * liboce-ocaf-lite-dev

Дополнительно Вы можете установить следующие дополнительные пакеты:
 * libsimage-dev (to make Coin to support additional image file formats)
 * checkinstall (to register your installed files into your system's package manager, so yo can easily uninstall later)
 * python-pivy (needed for the 2D Drafting module)
 * python-qt4 (needed for the 2D Drafting module)
 * doxygen and libcoin60-doc (if you intend to generate source code documentation)
 * libspnav-dev (for 3Dconnexion devices support like the Space Navigator or Space Pilot)

Ubuntu 16.04 no need liboce-foundation8 liboce-ocaf-lite8 liboce-ocaf8 liboce-modeling8 liboce-visualization8 you can use

Пользователи Ubuntu 16.04, пожалуйста, смотрите так же эти дополнительные инструкции (en).

Fedora
Вам нужны следующие пакеты:


 * gcc-c++ (или, возможно, другой компилятор C++ ?)
 * cmake
 * doxygen
 * swig
 * gettext
 * dos2unix
 * desktop-file-utils
 * libXmu-devel
 * freeimage-devel
 * mesa-libGLU-devel
 * OCE-devel
 * python
 * python-devel
 * python-pyside-devel
 * pyside-tools
 * boost-devel
 * tbb-devel
 * eigen3-devel
 * qt-devel
 * qt-webkit-devel
 * ode-devel
 * xerces-c
 * xerces-c-devel
 * opencv-devel
 * smesh-devel
 * coin3-devel (если в вашей версии Fedora coin2 является последней версией, используйте пакеты из http://www.zultron.com/rpm-repo/ )
 * soqt-devel
 * freetype
 * freetype-devel

И по желанию:


 * libspnav-devel (для поддержки устройств 3Dconnexion вроде Space Navigator или Space Pilot)
 * pivy ( https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=458975 Pivy не необходим, но нужен для работы модуля Draft )

Gentoo
Простейший путь узнать, какие пакеты нужны для компиляции FreeCAD - проверить через portage:

emerge -pv freecad

Вы получите список дополнительных пакетов, которые следует установить на Вашей системе.

OpenSUSE
Вам потребуются следующие пакеты: For FreeCAD 0.14 stable and 0.15 unstable, if Eigen3 and swig libraries are not found in standard repos, you can get them with a one-click install here: Also, note that the Eigen3 Library from Factory Education was causing problems sometimes, so use the one from the KDE 4.8 Extra repo
 * gcc
 * cmake
 * OpenCASCADE-devel
 * libXerces-c-devel
 * python-devel
 * libqt4-devel
 * libshiboken-devel
 * python-pyside-devel
 * python-pyside-tools
 * Coin-devel
 * SoQt-devel
 * boost-devel
 * libode-devel
 * libQtWebKit-devel
 * libeigen3-devel
 * gcc-fortran
 * freetype2
 * freetype2-devel
 * Eigen3
 * swig
 * Eigen3
 * swig

Starting with 0.17pre Opensuse 13.2 is too old to build due to too old boost.

Arch Linux
You will need the following libraries from the official repositories:


 * boost-libs
 * curl
 * hicolor-icon-theme
 * libspnav
 * opencascade
 * python2-pivy
 * python2-matplotlib
 * python2-pyside
 * python2-shiboken
 * qtwebkit
 * shared-mime-info
 * xerces-c
 * boost
 * cmake
 * coin
 * desktop-file-utils
 * eigen
 * gcc-fortran
 * swig

Also, make sure to check the AUR for any missing packages that are not on the repositories, currently:
 * python2-pyside-tools
 * med (Modelisation et Echanges de Donnees)

Старые и нетрадиционные дистрибутивы
В других дистрибутивах у нас слишком мало откликов от пользователей, так что может оказаться трудно найти требуемые пакеты. Сначала попробуйте найти требуемые пакеты, упомянутые в Сторонних библиотеках. Учтите, что некоторые из них могут иметь в вашем дистрибутиве немного другие имена пакетов (Вроде name, libname, name-dev, name-devel, и так далее...).

You also need the GNU gcc compiler version equal or above 3.0.0. g++ is also needed because FreeCAD is completely written in C++. During the compilation some Python scripts get executed. So the Python interpreter has to work properly. To avoid any linker problems during the build process it is also a good idea to have the library paths either in your LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable or in your ld.so.conf file. This is normally already the case in recent distributions.

For more details have also a look to README.Linux in your sources.

Pivy
Pivy is not needed to build FreeCAD or to run it, but it is needed for the 2D Drafting module to work. If you are not going to use that module, you won't need pivy. By November 2015 the obsolete version of Pivy included with FreeCAD source code will no longer compile on many systems, due to its age. If you cannot find Pivy in your distribution's packages repository ort elsewhere, you can compile pivy yourself:

Pivy compilation instructions

Using cMake
cMake is a newer build system which has the big advantage of being common for different target systems (Linux, Windows, MacOSX, etc). FreeCAD is now using the cMake system as its main building system. Compiling with cMake is usually very simple and happens in 2 steps. In the first step, cMake checks that every needed programs and libraries are present on your system and sets up all that's necessary for the subsequent compilation. You are given a few alternatives detailed below, but FreeCAD comes with sensible defaults. The second step is the compiling itself, which produces the FreeCAD executable. Changing any options for cmake away from their default values, is much easier with cmake-gui or other graphical cmake applications than with cmake on the command line, as the graphical applications will give you interactive feed back.

FreeCAD сложное приложение, поэтому компиляция может занять много времени (около 10 минут на быстром компьютере, 30 минут и более на медленном).

In-source building
If you are unsure then, due to its limitations, do not make an in-source build, create an out-of-source build as explained in the next section. However FreeCAD can be built in-source, which means that all the files resulting from the compilation stay in the same folder as the source code. This is fine if you are just looking at FreeCAD, and want to be able to remove it easily by just deleting that folder. But in case you are planning to compile it often, you are advised to make an out-of-source build, which offers many more advantages. The following commands will compile FreeCAD:

If you want to use your system's copy of Pivy, which you most commonly will, then if not on Linux, set the compiler flag to use the correct pivy (via FREECAD_USE_EXTERNAL_PIVY=1). Using external Pivy became the default for Linux, during development of FreeCAD 0.16, so it does not need to be manually set when compiling this version onwards, on Linux. Also, set the build type to Debug if you want a debug build or Release if not. A Release build will run much faster than a Debug build. Sketcher becomes very slow with complex sketches if your FreeCAD is a Debug build. (NOTE: the space and "." after the cmake flags are CRITICAL!):

Or for a Release build
Your FreeCAD executable will then reside in the "bin" folder, and you can launch it with:

How to repair your source code directory after accidentally running an in-source build.
This is a method, using Git, to repair your source code directory after accidentally running an in-source build.

Out-of-source build
If you intend to follow the fast evolution of FreeCAD, building in a separate folder is much more convenient. Every time you update the source code, cMake will then intelligently distinguish which files have changed, and recompile only what is needed. Out-of-source builds are specially handy when using the Git system, because you can easily try other branches without confusing the build system. To build out-of-source, simply create a build directory, distinct from your FreeCAD source folder, and, from the build folder, point cMake (or if using cmake-gui replace "cmake" in the code below with "cmake-gui") to the source folder:

The FreeCAD executable will then reside in the "bin" directory (within your freecad-build directory).

Configuration options
There are a number of experimental or unfinished modules you may have to build if you want to work on them. To do so, you need to set the proper options for the configuration phase. Do it either on the command line, passing -D : = options to cMake or using one of the availables gui-frontends (eg for Debian, packages cmake-qt-gui or cmake-curses-gui). Changing any options for cmake away from their default values, is much easier with cmake-gui or other graphical cmake applications than with cmake on the command line, as they will give you interactive feed back.

As an example, to configure FreeCAD with the Assembly module built just tick the box in a cmake gui application (e.g. cmake-gui) or on the command line issue:

Possible options are listed in FreeCAD's root CmakeLists.txt file.

Qt designer plugin
If you want to develop Qt stuff for FreeCAD, you'll need the Qt Designer plugin that provides all custom widgets of FreeCAD. Go to

So far we don't provide a makefile -- but calling

creates it. Once that's done, calling

will create the library libFreeCAD_widgets.so. To make this library known to Qt Designer you have to copy the file to $QTDIR/plugin/designer

Doxygen
If you feel bold enough to dive in the code, you could take advantage to build and consult Doxygen generated FreeCAD's Source documentation

Making a debian package
If you plan to build a Debian package out of the sources you need to install those packages first:

To build a package open a console, simply go to the FreeCAD directory and call

Once the package is built, you can use lintian to check if the package contains errors

Примечание для 64-битных систем
При компиляции FreeCAD на 64-бит известна проблема с 64-битным пакетом OpenCASCADE. Чтобы FreeCAD правильно заработал, Вам нужно запустить скрипт ./configure с дополнительно установленным define _OCC64:

For Debian based systems this workaround is not needed when using the prebuilt package because there the OpenCASCADE package is built to set internally this define. Now you just need to compile FreeCAD the same way as described above.

Скрипты автоматической компиляции
Это всё, что Вам нужно для полной компиляции FreeCAD. Это односкриптовое решение, работающее на свежеустановленном дистрибутиве. Команда запросит пароль root (для установки пакетов) и порой для подтверждения входа на внешний сервер репозитория. Эти скрипты должны запускаться на 32- 64-битных версиях. Они написаны для разных версий, но, скорее всего, будут работать для позднейший версий с небольшими изменениями или без них.

If you have such a script for your preferred distro, please send it! We will incorporate it into this article.

Ubuntu
These scripts provide a reliable way to install the correct set of dependencies required to build and run FreeCAD on Ubuntu. They make use of the FreeCAD Ubuntu PPA repositories, and should work on any version of Ubuntu targeted by the PPA. The 'daily' PPA targets recent versions of Ubuntu, and the 'stable' PPA targets all officially supported versions of Ubuntu.

This script installs dependencies for the daily development snapshot of FreeCAD.

This script installs dependencies for the latest stable release of FreeCAD. (For Ubuntu 12.04, omit "--enable-source" from the add-apt-repository command.)

(These scripts also install the PPA build of FreeCAD itself, as a side effect. You could then uninstall that while leaving the dependencies in place. However, leaving it installed will enable the package manager to keep the set of dependencies up to date, which is useful if you are following the development for a long time.)

After installing the dependencies, please see the generic instructions for getting the source code, running CMake, and compiling. The following script is an example of one way to do this.

OpenSUSE 12.2
No external Repositories are needed to compile FreeCAD 0.13 with this release. However, there is an imcompatability with python3-devel which needs to be removed. FreeCAD can be compiled from GIT similar to in OpenSUSE 12.2

Since you are using git, next time you wish to compile you do not have to clone everything, just pull from git and compile once more

Fedora 22/23/24
Posted by user [PrzemoF] in the forum.

{ echo "~/$MAIN_DIR already exist. Quitting.."; exit; }

cd $MAIN_DIR

git clone https://github.com/FreeCAD/FreeCAD.git

mkdir $BUILD_DIR

Updating the source code
FreeCAD development happens fast, everyday or so there are bug fixes or new features. The cmake systems allows you to intelligently update the source code, and only recompile what has changed, making subsequent compilations very fast. Updating the source code with git or subversion is very easy:

Move into the appropriate build directory and run cmake again (as cmake updates the version number data for the Help menu, ...about FreeCAD), however you do not need to add the path to source code after "cmake", just a space and a dot:

Ссылки
Смотрите так же Ускорение компиляции.