Release notes 0.14/it

Jeep modellata da Psicofil

Migrazione del sito
Abbiamo finalmente spostato tutte le applicazioni web di FreeCAD da SourceForge al nostro own domain. La nuova homepage di FreeCAD si trova all'indirizzo http://www.freecadweb.org, il wiki ora è a http://www.freecadweb.org/wiki, il bug and features tracker a http://www.freecadweb.org/tracker, e il forum a http://forum.freecadweb.org. Se avevate un account per una di queste applicazioni quando eravamo su SourceForge, è possibile recuperarlo seguendo queste istruzioni.

L'unica parte di FreeCAD che rimane in SourceForge è il repository git principale, allo stesso indirizzo: http://sourceforge.net/p/free-cad/code/ci/master/tree/ ma tale codice è anche riflesso automaticamente su GitHub, all'indirizzo http://github.com/FreeCAD/FreeCAD_sf_master

Se non conosci ancora l'incredibile comunità FreeCAD, facci visita sul forum, e sarai stupito dal suo talento, energia e disponibilità.

Passato a PySide, FreeCAD è ora pienamente LGPL
Date le molte complicazioni causate dal modello a doppia licenza di FreeCAD (LGPL & GPL), alcuni dei componenti di FreeCAD (cioè il kernel OpenCasCade) incompatibili con il codice GPL, abbiamo deciso di convertire tutte le restanti parti di codice GPL di FreeCAD in LGPL. Come risultato di questa operazione, PyQt non più usato, ed è sostituito da PySide. Non ci sono grosse conseguenze per gli autori di script python, PyQt può ancora essere utilizzato all'interno FreeCAD.

Dopo che abbiamo completato il passaggio a LGPL, anche OpenCascade è passata a LGPL, cosa che avrebbe anche risolto tutti i nostri conflitti licenza. Ma ora abbiamo un modello di licenza molto più chiaro e unitario, che dovrebbe soddisfare tutte le distribuzioni linux più severe.

Plugins e progetti collaterali: Parts library, BOLTS, importatore Eagle
L'ultimo anno ha visto emergere alcuni progetti collaterali interessanti a fianco di FreeCAD. È stato avviato dalla comunità e sta lentamente crescendo una Parts library costituita da un insieme di parti riutilizzabili da aggiungere ai propri modelli FreeCAD. Può essere avviata e utilizzata dall'interno di FreeCAD con l'uso di una macro.

Un altro progetto simile, ma più ambizioso è BOLTS, che è anche una libreria di parti, ma costruite con script parametrici, in grado di produrre una grande varietà di parti parametriche. BOLTS, anche se applicazione indipendente, può anche essere eseguito da FreeCAD avviando una macro. L'immagine sottostante mostra BOLTS in esecuzione all'interno FreeCAD.



Un altro progetto esterno interessante è EAGLE importer, che permette di importare in FreeCAD progetti di schede PCB realizzati da diverse applicazioni.

Esportazione WebGL
Ora, da FreeCAD, è possibile esportare la scena come un fileWebGL-abilitato html. Questo file include un visualizzatore embedded three.js-based che consente di ispezionare la scena dal web senza alcun plugin, purché lo si visualizzi con un browser WebGL-compatibile.

Units system
Finally, a units system has been implemented at FreeCAD level, so it is available to all modules. You are now able to choose a units schema from the preferences. Currently available schemas include millimeters, meters and imperial measurements, but more should become available soon. Once this schema is set, most properties and tools of FreeCAD will use this unit preferentially. But the system is very flexible, and in most places, you can mix units as much as you like, for example giving measures in inches in a document set in millimeters.

Style Sheets
FreeCAD 0.14 becomes even more customizable with the addition of Style Sheets being used to control the background image in the main window. No longer is the user stuck with the grey stone background. Almost any image, picture or custom tile may be used to fill the background space in FreeCAD's main Window.



Display style override
The default View toolbar has been extended with a couple of new buttons to easily switch the display of the whole 3D view to wireframe, shaded or flat lines mode.

3D window anti-aliasing
New options have been added to the 3D view anti-aliasing system of FreeCAD, that you can find in the preferences. If you have a good 3D graphic chip, you can now enjoy FreeCAD with very high-quality anti-aliasing.

Loft and Sweep
The Part Loft and Part Sweep tools have been bettered and can now use Draft Workbench objects as profiles

Offset
The new Part Offset tool creates copies of a selected shape at a certain distance from the base shape.

Thickness
A new Part Thickness tool is now available. This tool works on a solid shape, and turns it into a hollow object, by giving each of its faces a given thickness.

Make Compound
The Part Workbench now features a Make Compound tool, which allows you to quickly create a compound object from a set of selected shapes.

Part Primitives
New Part primitives have been added to the Part CreatePrimitives tool: Prisms, regular polygons and spirals are now easy to create by filling out a couple of parameters. Furthermore, some tools from the Draft Workbench can now take advantage of this feature and create these primitives too, instead of their regular Draft object, when the appropriate option is set in the Draft preferences settings.



Measure tools
A new measurement toolset has been added to the Part workbench. With it, you can select two shape elements (vertices, edges or faces), and display the distance between the two in absolute distance, and along X and Y axes.

Validate sketch
The Sketcher now features a new Validate sketch tool to help you to validate a sketch, by finding missing or redundant constraints. It can also automatically add some missing constraints, in order to make your sketch fully constrained.

Gear generator
An involute gear generator tool has been added to the PartDesign workbench, to quickly create such gears from parameters.

Automatic projections
The Drawing Workbench continues to be improved with some exciting new features. Orthographic Projections now allows all views to be displayed as well as much greater control over individual views. Another key feature, Drawing Templates may now contain data defining Border and Title Block locations that will automatically confine Projections within the border while at the same time automatically avoiding the space occupied by the Title Block.



Symbols
A new Drawing Symbol tool is available on the Drawing Workbench allowing to quickly place SVG objects on the Drawing sheet. These objects are stored within the FreeCAD file, so you don't need to ship the original SVG file when distributing your files.

New rendering tools


The Raytracing workbench has also received some love, and its toolbar has been reworked. The "old" buttons that manually produced partial povray files have been removed (they are still there in the Raytracing menu), and you can now produce a rendering pretty much the same way as you use the Drawing workbench: You create a new project, give it a template, then fill it with views of your objects. When you are done, just hit the render button, or export it to a file that is ready to render outside of FreeCAD.

The Raytracing templates system has also been extended, and templates are now easier to manipulate and create.

FreeCAD produced .pov scripts now contain auto-aspect ratio. Users no longer need to maintain a 4:3 aspect ratio in their Raytracing settings or need to manually edit the output to change ratios in order to get a proper render. Any width and height may now be entered without fear that the rendered objects will come out squashed or stretched.

Luxrender support
Together with the existing support for POV-Ray, the Raytracing workbench now also supports LuxRender. Where POV-Ray is a classical-style raytracer, that shoots rays from the camera in order to find the color of each pixel of the image, Luxrender is an unbiased renderer, which takes much longer to render scenes, but can produce much more realistic lighting.

Spreadsheet
A new Spreadsheet Workbench has been added to FreeCAD. It allows you to create spreadsheet objects, that contain 2-dimensional spreadsheet data. It also features an editor so you can edit the spreadsheet contents (texts, numbers and some basic formulas are supported), and a special cell controller object, that can scan the document for certain types of objects, extract a certain property from them, and fill a certain range of cells with these values.



DWG import/export
FreeCAD is now able to import and export to the DWG format, thanks to the free, multiplatform Teigha Converter. Once the Teigha Converter is installed, and its path set in the FreeCAD Draft preferences settings, FreeCAD will be able to use it to import and export dwg files, by converting them to dxf, then using the Draft dxf importer and exporter. The import and export of dwg files has therefore the same limitations as the dxf format.

Draft to Drawing works with groups
The Draft to Drawing tool, used to place Draft objects on a Drawing sheet, can now be applied on groups, allowing to create fewer View objects on the Drawing sheet. By intelligently combine your Draft objects into a couple of groups, you have a quick way to control the appearance of many objects on your page.

Dimensions recoded
The Draft Dimension tool has been fully recoded, and dimension objects now behave much better, and have gained a few new properties, allowing to fine-tune them better, such as nicer and scalable arrows, more control over the position of the text and the direction of the dimension, and, above all, better support for the Drawing Module. You can now place dimensions in any plane of the 3D space, and expect correct results when placing them on a Drawing sheet with the Draft Drawing tool.



Hatches
The Draft workbench also features a new toy: hatching. On specific Draft objects (those that form a closed shape such as closed polylines, rectangles, regular polygons or circles), it is now possible to apply hatching. Currently, only a couple of default hatch patterns are available, but since those patterns are very easy to create (they are simple svg files), and custom patterns can already be added by the user, the default collection might grow quickly. Draft objects with patterns are also faithfully supported by the Drawing workbench.



Ellipses
Support for ellipses has been added, the Draft workbench now allows you to draw full or portions of ellipses.

Chamfer
In the same fashion as fillets, that had appeared in release 013, Draft rectangles, wires and polygons now gained a chamfer property, which chamfers their angle. The chamfer is applied before the fillet,and both properties can be used together, allowing you to quickly turn a very simple wire into a complex object made of many sections.

Upgrade and downgrade recoded
The Draft Upgrade and Draft Downgrade tools, before hermetic pieces of magic, from which you were never too sure what the result would be, have been recoded, and now output much friendlier messages, informing you what has been done and why. They are now also available to python scripting, not only as a whole, but also their internal operations, so you can precisely order a certain upgrade type to be performed.

Facebinder
A new Draft Facebinder tool has been added, that does a very simple but potentially very useful operation: It gathers any number of selected faces from different objects, and creates a new object from these faces. The new object keeps links to the original objects, so any change in them is reflected in the facebinder object. This should prove useful above all for architectural objects, where you can now construct new objects from the faces of several others.

Shape strings
The Draft ShapeString tool creates planar objects from a text and a truetype font. These objects, unlike common annotations such as the Draft Text, are real 3D objects, can be extruded, and can therefore be used to create engravings and other kinds of 3D objects with text in relief.

Bezier Curves
Alongside the existing arcs of circle and B-spline curves, a new type of curve has just been merged in the Draft module: Bezier curves. They can be created by clicking points, the same way as other Draft objects, but you can then edit them and modify their handle points, gaining a very precise control over the curve shape.

Structure presets + profiles
The Arch Structure tool has gained several improvements: it now features presets, which allow you to quickly build a beam or column based on a standard profile such as INP or HEB, and an easier placement system, with a special snapping mode. You can now also give structural elements an extrusion path, so very advanced configurations become possible. Some of the pieces offered by BOLTS can also be created directly as Arch structural elements.

Window presets
The Arch Window tool also gained a new presets system. Although still based on sketches, which ensures maximum flexibility (virtually any window type can be easily created), new windows can now be made from a series of presets. You only need to choose a preset, fill a couple of parameters, and place your window, in an exiting wall or structural element if you wish so. Underneath, an appropriate sketch will be created, which is still editable at any later time.



Spaces
A new Space object is now available, allowing you to build, mark and compute spaces and floor areas. These space objects always encompass a solid volume, so you can always know their volume and floor area. They can be built from a solid shape, or from a set of boundary faces.

Multilayer walls
Walls can now be multilayer, with a very simple trick: Several walls can be based on a same baseline, specifying an offset distance from the baseline. This, combined for example with Arch Frames, allows for example to create complex framed walls, or walls with an insulation layer. Furthermore, these walls are aware of their "brothers" (other walls based on the same baseline), and any window placed on one of these walls will also create a hole on its brothers.



Stairs
A new Stairs tool has also been added, which allows you to build complex stairs from a couple of parameters. Currently only straight stairs are available, but the list will grow over time. These stairs have many configuration parameters, such as the size of the step floor, or the type of their structure.

Reinforcing bars
Reinforcing bars (also called rebars) have been introduced with the Arch Rebar tool. They are also based on sketches, which ensures great flexibility. They are created basically by drawing thr diagrams of the bars on the appropriate faces of structural elements, then turning those diagrams into actual rebars.



Frames
Frame systems are used everywhere in architecture: Railings, structural systems, frame walls, etc. The new Arch Frame tool allows to easily create all kinds of frames, by combining a profile object, which can be any flat, extrudable shape, such as a rectangle or a circle, and a layout object, which defines extrusion lines on which the members of the frame object are placed. Layouts are typically drawn with the Sketcher Workbench. These Frame objects can then be turned into walls or structures if needed.

Survey
Another simple but useful tool is now available in the Arch workbench: the Arch Survey mode. In this mode, you click on vertices, edges, faces or whole objects, and get their height, length, area or volume. This information is shown on the model, but also copied to the clipboard, and gathered as text, so it is easy to paste in other applications, giving you a pretty fast workflow when building quantities bills.

Tutorial
A new 35-page tutorial describes the Arch workbench in all its details, following a complete exercise.

IFC import & export
Much work has been done on both FreeCAD and IfcOpenShell, which is the piece of software responsible for handling IFC files in the Arch module. When using a development version of IfcOpenShell, apart from a spectacular gain in speed when importing medium-sized IFC files (around 50Mb), FreeCAD is also able to export models to the IFC format. The support to export is still in first stages of development, but already manages to export files readable without errors by most of the major IFC-supporting applications.

Full list
The full list of bugfixes and new features can be read on http://freecadweb.org/tracker/changelog_page.php